护理人员HIV职业暴露风险认知对护理服务态度和行为意向的影响

摘要

Objectives To explore the effect of nurses'risk perception of occupational HIV exposure on their atti-tude and behavioral intention of providing nursing care by constructing measurement model of risk perception. Methods Definition and Measurement Model of Risk Perception was defined,and questionnaire was designed on this basis.An anonymous survey was conducted among nurses of 4 conveniently selected comprehensive hospitals in Wuhan.Structural equation modeling was applied in the data analysis.Results Risk perception exerted negative effect on the attitude (standardized path coefficient =-0.1 6),the impact of the attitude on the behavioral intention was positive (standardized path coefficient =0.60),the risk perception exerted no direct impact on the behavioral intention and exerted negative effect of-0.10 on it.Self-efficacy could reduce nurses'risk perception,and facilitated positive attitude and behavioral intention of providing nursing care.Conclusions Nurses'risk perception of occupa-tional HIV exposure,attitude and behavioral intention was in line with KABP model.%目的采用构建的风险认知测量模型，探讨护理人员 HIV 职业暴露风险认知对护理服务态度、行为意向的影响。方法确定风险认知的定义和测量模型，在此基础上设计调查问卷，调查内容包括风险认知4维度、态度、行为意向、自我效能等。采用方便抽样的方法对武汉市4所三甲医院的护理人员匿名问卷调查，运用结构方程模型对调查结果进行分析。结果风险认知对护理人员对待 HIV 感染者的态度为负向影响(标准化路径系数为-0.16)，态度对行为意向为正向影响(标准化路径系数为0.60)，风险认知对行为意向没有直接影响，间接影响为-0.10。自我效能可以降低风险认知水平，促进其采取正向态度和行为意向。结论护理人员的 HIV 职业暴露风险认知与护理服务态度、行为意向的关系符合一般的知信行模型。