脊髓损伤患者泌尿系感染研究进展

摘要

Urinary tract infections remain the most frequent infection in patients with either traumatic or nontraumatic spinal cord inju-ry. The urinary tract infections are closely related to impaired bladder storage, voiding dysfunction, and use of indwelling catheters after spi-nal cord injury. Repeated urinary tract infections can cause upper urinary tract deterioration, and related chronic or repeated exposure to the antibiotics used to treat urinary tract infections increases the risk of multidrug-resistant bacteria colonization. Therefore, it is important to de-termine appropriate urinary tract infections treatment in spinal cord injury patients who are admitted to rehabilitation hospitals. The limita-tions of the usual measures in prevention of urinary tract infections in this population have led the way to explore more innovative modali-ties and approaches. We reviewed the researches of urinary tract infections on spinal cord injury. It is presented to provide reference for clini-cal diagnosis and treatment.%脊髓损伤患者的泌尿系感染通常与泌尿系结石、排空障碍以及应用导尿管相关，是创伤性或非创伤性脊髓损伤患者最常见的感染原因。反复泌尿系感染会引起肾功能损伤，而为了控制感染长期反复应用抗生素可能导致多重耐药菌定植进一步恶化感染。因此，康复阶段脊髓损伤患者泌尿系感染的预防、治疗方案的确定显得尤为重要。为了改善这类患者的预后，近年来各国研究者提出了许多新的临床经验及实验室方案，本文综述对脊髓损伤后泌尿系感染诊疗相关研究，以期对临床医疗提供借鉴。