不同频率电针对阿尔茨海默病大鼠学习记忆能力和海马突触的影响

摘要

Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture with different frequencies on learning and memory ability, synaptic morphology and synaptic density in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease rats. Methods Forty-eight healthy Wistar rats were randomly di-vided into normal group, sham operation group, model group, 2 Hz, 30 Hz and 50 Hz electroacupuncture groups with 8 cases in each group. The Alzheimer's disease model was established by injecting Aβ1-42 into two sides of lateral cerebral ventricle. The sham operation group was injected with normal saline instead. The electroacupuncture groups received electroacupuncture at Baihui (DU20) and Shenshu (BL23) acu-points. The learning and memory ability was evaluated with Morris water maze test, and the morphology and density of synapse were ob-served by electron microscope. Results Compared with the model group, the latency was shorter, the time of crossing the platform was short-er and the number of crossing the platform was more in the electroacupuncture groups (P<0.01), especially in the 50 Hz electroacupuncture group (P<0.01). The number of synapse and the synaptic density were more in the electroacupuncture groups than in the model group (P<0.01), especially in the 50 Hz electroacupuncture group (P<0.01). Conclusion Electroacupuncture could improve learning and memory abili-ty and increase synaptic density in rats with Alzheimer's disease, especially with high frequency.%目的：探讨不同频率电针对阿尔茨海默病(AD)大鼠学习记忆能力和大脑海马组织突触形态学和突触密度的影响。方法48只Wistar大鼠按随机数字表法分为正常组、假手术组、模型组、2 Hz电针治疗组、30 Hz电针治疗组、50 Hz电针治疗组，每组8只。以双侧脑室注射Aβ1-42诱导建立AD模型，假手术组双侧脑室注射0.9%氯化钠。2 Hz、30 Hz、50 Hz电针组大鼠选百会、肾俞进行电针治疗14 d。采用Morris水迷宫测试各组大鼠学习记忆能力，透射电镜观察海马突触的超微结构，统计突触密度。结果各电针治疗组与模型组比较，逃避潜伏期明显缩短(P<0.01)，首次跨越平台的时间明显缩短(P<0.01)，跨越平台次数明显增加(P<0.01)，以50 Hz电针治疗组为著。各电针治疗组与模型组比较，海马CA1区突触数目明显增多，突触密度明显增大(P<0.01)。与2 Hz、30 Hz电针治疗组比较，50 Hz电针治疗组突触数目明显增多(P<0.01)。结论电针能够改善AD大鼠的学习记忆能力，提高海马的突触密度，高频电针治疗效果优于低频、中频。