MicroRNA-140在骨关节炎中的分子机制研究进展

摘要

Osteoarthritis ( OA) is a highly prevalent disease, which is characterized by the progressive failure of the extracellular matrix ( ECM) of the cartilage and the changes in the synovium, cartilage, subchondral bone, and other joint tissues. MicroRNAs ( miRNAs) are small non⁃coding RNAs which control tissue development and homeostasis by the regulation of gene expression. Among the known miRNAs, microRNA⁃140 ( miR⁃140 ) is strongly expressed in the cartilage, and plays critical roles in OA pathogenesis. However, the molecular mechanism of miR⁃140 is still complex in regulating the articular cartilage. This review aims to analyze the molecular mechanism of the function and regulation of miR⁃140 in the cartilage development and the homeostasis in osteoarthritis.%骨关节炎（ OA）是一种以细胞外基质（ ECM）渐进性破坏，滑膜、软骨、软骨下骨及关节内其他组织的改变为特点的高发疾病。微小RNA（ microRNA或miRNA）属于非编码区小RNA，其通过调控基因的表达对组织生长和稳态进行控制。在已知的miRNA中，MicroRNA⁃140（miR⁃140）特异性高表达于关节软骨中，并在OA的发病机制中发挥至关重要的作用，然而miR⁃140调控关节软骨的分子机制却非常复杂。本文主要就miR⁃140在OA中对软骨生长及软骨稳态调控的分子机制进行综述。