维生素D的代谢及调控研究新进展

摘要

Discovery and clinical application of vitamin D, a prohormone, result in successful treatment for rickets and osteomalacia. The major biological function of vitamin D is to regulate the metabolism of calcium and phosphate and bone formation. Vitamin D inhibits cell proliferation and regulates immune system, and it is effective in the prevention and treatment of many diseases, such as osteoporosis, hyperparathyroidism, psoriasis, autoimmune disease, and cancer. Therefore, there is a great expectation on gaining healthy benefits from vitamin D supplements. However, overdosing vitamin D may cause severe side effects. This review discusses the effect of the vitamin D hormone system and its self protection function from aspects of metabolism and regulation mechanism of vitamin D.%维生素D是前激素（ prohormone），它的发现及其在临床上的成功应用，为治愈佝偻病和成人软骨症开辟了有效途径。维生素D的主要作用是参与调节人体内钙、磷代谢及骨的形成，并有抑制细胞生长、调节免疫作用的功能，尤其对骨质疏松症、自身免疫疾病、肿瘤等多种疾病有防治的功效。正因如此，人们对维生素D的健康效能有着广泛的期待，可是摄入维生素D的同时又担心因过量而引起毒副作用。本文从维生素D的代谢和调控两方面来讨论维生素D激素系统的作用及自我保护功能。