低中度近视患者眼压、角膜中央厚度与角膜球差及非球面性的关系

摘要

目的 研究低中度近视人群眼压、角膜中央厚度与角膜球差及非球面性之间的相关性.方法 横断面研究.对108例(216眼)低中度近视患者应用Pentacam HR眼前节分析仪进行眼前节参数测量,得到角膜前后表面不同象限(上、下、鼻、颞侧,水平、垂直方向)及不同分析直径(6、7、8、9 mm)范围的角膜非球面性参数——Q值及角膜球差.分别使用非接触式眼压仪及A型超声角膜测厚仪进行眼压及角膜中央厚度的测量.数据采用Pearson相关性分析、独立样本t检验及单因素方差分析进行处理.结果 低度组眼压与垂直方向角膜前表面Q值有相关性(右眼:r=-0.30,P＜0.05;左眼:r=-0.34,P＜0.05),与角膜前表面球差无相关性;中度近视组眼压与角膜前表面球差有相关性(右眼:r=0.31,P＜0.05;左眼:r=0.37,P＜0.01),与角膜前表面Q值无相关性.仅低度近视组角膜中央厚度与颞侧角膜前表面Q值有相关性(右眼:r=0.47,P＜0.01;左眼:r=0.29,P＜0.05).结论 低度近视者眼压可导致角膜前表面非球面性减弱,中度近视者眼压与角膜前表面球差呈正相关,产生这种差异的原因可能与角膜本身的补偿机制有关.%Objective To investigate the correlation between intraocular pressure (IOP) and central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal spherical aberration as well as asphericity.Methods This was a cross-sectional study.Two hundred and sixteen eyes in 108 mild-to-moderate myopia patients were examined with the Pentacam HR anterior segment tomographer.The aspheric coefficient (Q value) and corneal spherical aberration results from the different quadrants in both the anterior and posterior corneas (including superior,inferior,nasal,temporal,horizontal and vertical directions)and the data 6,7,8 and 9 mm eccentric diameters were obtained.IOP and CCT were measured by a non-contact tonometer and A-scan ultrasonic corneal pachymeter,respectively.Patients were divided into 2 groups based on the degree of myopia.The relationship between the IOP with and without CCT and corneal spherical aberration as well as asphericity were analyzed.Data was processed using a Pearson correlation analysis,independent samples t test and one-way ANOVA.Results IOP was significantly correlated with anterior corneal asphericity (r=-0.30,P＜0.05 for right eyes; r=-0.34,P＜0.05 for left eyes),but was not significantly correlated with anterior corneal spherical aberration in the mild myopia group.In the moderate myopia group,although IOP was significantly correlated with anterior corneal spherical aberration (r=0.31,P＜0.05 for right eye; r=0.37,P＜0.01 for left eye),there was no significant correlation with anterior corneal Q value.CCT was only significantly correlated with the temporal corneal Q value (r=0.47,P＜0.01 for right eyes; r=0.29,P＜0.05 for left eyes).Conclusion IOP induced a decrease in anterior corneal asphericity in mild myopes,however,it was positively correlated with anterior corneal spherical aberration.The reason for the difference may be related to the compensation mechanism of the cornea itself.