角膜屈光手术作为视觉矫正方式之一,已被越来越多屈光不正患者接受.近视眼在我国的发病率较高,使得接受角膜屈光手术的患者数量庞大.面对相对健康的角膜等眼部组织,需要选择最为安全而有效的手术方式.近年来角膜屈光手术新技术不断涌现,但仍存在许多未知.本文在介绍各类新技术的同时,指出角膜屈光手术面临的问题,强调需要进行大量的临床和基础研究,包括组织病理学、分子生物学等结合数学、物理学、计算机学、化学以及角膜生物力学等,通过多学科相互交叉、渗透,才能更加深入了解新技术的内涵及本质,正确掌握和选择手术方式,使角膜屈光手术达到组织损伤最小,从而获得最佳的临床视觉矫正效果.%Corneal refractive surgery,as one of the common visual correction methods,has been increasingly accepted in China.There are a large number of people in China who undergo the corneal refractive surgery due to the high incidence of myopia in the country.It is essential that the safest and most effective surgery should be used to correct refractive errors in the cases involved with relatively normal eyes and corneas.In recent years,corneal refractive surgery has been rapidly developing with new technologies and techniques emerging all the time,such as SMILE (small incision lenticule extraction) surgery,which has been extensively applied in China since five years ago when it was approved by FDA.However,little known are these new technologies and techniques,and the clinical and basic researches need further investigations by various approaches including histopathology and molecular biology,combined with mathematics,computer science,physics,chemistry and corneal biomechanics.To achieve minimal tissue damage and optimal clinical outcomes on visual quality by corneal refractive surgery requires the multidisciplinary partnerships of medical practitioners and researchers.
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