血管内皮生长因子与妊娠高血压母亲胎儿宫内生长受限的相关性研究

摘要

目的 探讨血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)蛋白含量变化与母亲妊娠高血压疾病及其胎儿宫内生长受限的相关性.方法 选取2011年3月至2012年5月在我院产科进行系统性孕期监测的孕产妇及其新生儿(胎龄36 ～ 38周),妊高征组(实验组)和对照组(正常妊娠组)各纳入50对.分娩前取母体外周血,胎儿娩出后取胎盘子面和母面胎盘组织及脐血,用酶联免疫吸附法测定各标本中VEGF蛋白含量.对胎盘组织进行免疫荧光染色,对比观察两组VEGF蛋白的分布情况和荧光强度.结果 妊高征组胎盘母面和子面VEGF蛋白含量均低于对照组[母面:(19.7±9.7)比(23.7±11.1) ng/ml,子面:(19.6±9.8)比(26.1±7.6) ng/ml,P＜0.05],两组胎盘母面与子面VEGF蛋白含量比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).妊高征组新生儿脐血VEGF蛋白含量低于对照组[(18.2±5.3)比(23.6±8.7)ng/ml,P＜0.05],两组母亲产前静脉血VEGF蛋白含量差异无统计学意义[(20.5±7.9)比(21.7 ±8.1)ng/ml,P＞0.05].两组母亲产前静脉血VEGF蛋白含量均低于新生儿脐血,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).妊高征组新生儿出生体重低于对照组[(2313±198)比(2 958±216)g,P＜0.05],两组新生儿IUGR发生率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 妊娠高血压疾病母亲胎盘中VEGF蛋白含量降低与妊娠高血压的发生及其胎儿宫内生长受限有关.%Objective To study the correlation between VEGF and gestational hypertension complicated with IUGR.Methods A total of 100 pregnant women who admitted to the obstetric department of our hospital from March 2011 to May 2012 and received regular antenatal examinations were enrolled.All their babies were born between 36 and 38 weeks.Fifty patients with gestational hypertension were assigned to the experimental group and the other fifty normal pregnant women to the control group.VEGF in maternal blood before delivery,placenta tissues (both maternal surface and fetal surface) and umbilical cord blood after delivery were examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Immunofluorescence was also applied to the placenta tissue.VEGF and the fluorescence intensity were compared between groups.Results In the experimental group,VEGF in placenta tissue was significantly lower than control group [maternal surface:experimental group(19.7 ± 9.7)vs.control group (23.7 ± 11.1),fetal surface:experimental group(19.6 ±9.8)vs.control group(26.1 ±7.6),P ＜ 0.05],and no statistically significant differences existed between maternal surfaces and fetal surfaces (P ＞ 0.05).The concentration of VEGF in the umbilical cord blood of the experimental group were significantly lower than control group [experimental group(18.2 ± 5.3),control group (23.6 ± 8.7),P ＜ 0.05].However,there were no differences in the maternal serum concentrations of VEGF between the two groups.[experimental group(20.5 ± 7.9),control group(21.7 ± 8.1),P ＞ 0.05].In both experimental and control groups,VEGF in maternal blood were lower than umbilical cord blood (P ＜ 0.05).The birth weight of experimental group was lower than control group [experimental group (2 313 ± 198)g,control group (2 958 ± 216)g,P ＜ 0.05],but no differences of IUGR incidence between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The decrease of VEGF in the placenta tissue may be related to gestational hypertension and IUGR.