Objective To study the clinical classification and pathogenic fungi and to analyze the related factors with regard to the patients of onychomacosis in the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University. Methods The patients were from dermatology outpatient within the period from January to December in 2011. In each case, the most serious nail was selected as target nail and the method of multiple point fungal culture was adopted. The fungal culture examination was positive and diagnosis was onychomycosis. The strains were identified to species. Onychomycosis-related factors were logged into the questionnaire. Results The clinical classification of all the 106 cases of onychomycosis were DLSO 47. 17% , TDO 45. 28% , PSO 4. 95% , and SWO 2. 97% . There were 111 fungal stains including dermatophytes 72 (64. 86% ) , yeast 34 ( 30. 63% ) , and NDM ( nondermatophyte moulds, NDM) 5 (4. 50% ). The patient's age (year) and duration (month) showed positive correlation; the older the age, the longer the duration. The number of infected nails and duration were positive correlation, that is, longer duration, more numbers. The most common nail changes were discoloration (84. 91% ) and thickening (74. 53% ). Single nail infection was found in 101 cases, accounting for 95. 28% ; mixed fungal infection was found in 5 cases that there were two kinds of fungi existing together in one patient, one of them was dermatophytes, and the other was yeast. Conclusion Onychomycosis was a chronic progression disease. The clinical classification of onychomycosis was complex and the pathogenic funguses were multiple. So the disease shall be paid much attention and given early treatment.%目的 研究石家庄地区甲真菌病的临床分型、病原菌组成,对患病相关因素进行分析.方法 2011年1～12月,在河北医科大学第四医院皮肤科门诊就诊疑似甲真菌病的患者,选取患者病损最严重的1枚甲作为靶甲,对靶甲进行取材及分型,对培养阳性患者进行问卷调查,汇总所有数据,进行统计学处理.结果 106例甲真菌病患者中远端侧位甲下型50例(47.17％),全甲毁损型48例(45.28％),近端甲下型5例(4.95％),白色浅表型3例(2.97％).致病真菌111株,其中皮肤癣菌72株(64.86％),酵母菌34株(30.63％),非皮肤癣菌霉菌5株(4.50％).混合感染5例(4.72％),均为两种真菌的混合感染.106例培养阳性患者的年龄越大,病程越长；病程越长,病甲数目越多.结论 甲真菌病是一个逐渐进展的慢性疾病,临床分型复杂,病原菌组成多样,应引起重视,及早治疗.
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