Objective To explore the value of Thompson score in 5 hours after birth for hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) in early diagnosis, predicting severity and prognosis.Method Prospectively select neonates with birth asphyxia and abnormal nervous system performance in 5 hours after birth in the neonatal department of our hospital. Thompson score at age 3~5 hours and ambulatory electroencephalogram (AEEG) were recorded.Result 13 patients were dead, with Thompson score all≥ 21. As compared with Thompson score<7, the mothers whose babies with Thompson score≥7 had more pregnancy complications and/or abnormal events during baby birth; the Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes were lower; babies need more CPAP, ventilation and medication, more developed to medium-severe HIE , had abnormal AEEG and severely abnormal AEEG. The sensitivity of Thompson score in predicting severe HIE and in predicting the abnormal AEEG outcome are 96.9% and 94.8%; their specificity are 90.9% and 73.9% respectively.Conclusion Thompson score can be used as a method to rapid, economic predict severe HIE and abnormal AEEG. In our study, Thompson score may be more economic, accurately and convenient for clinician in HIE severity prediction than AEEG.%目的：探讨出生后早期行Thompson评分在诊断新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病（hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy，HIE）的程度及预后判断中的价值。方法选择本院存在产时窒息史且出生5小时内出现异常神经系统表现的新生儿进行Thompson评分，并随访动态脑电图（ambulatory electroencephalogram，AEEG）变化。结果13例新生儿死亡，其Thompson评分均≥21分。相对于Thompson评分＜7分组，Thompson评分≥7分组母亲更容易合并妊娠并发症和（或）产时特殊情况，新生儿1分钟、5分钟Apgar评分更低，更需要持续正压通气、机械通气和药物支持，发展成中重度HIE的比例更高，异常AEEG的比例更多，更易出现严重异常AEEG。Thompson评分预测72小时中重度HIE的灵敏度可达96.9%，特异性为90.9%，预测48～72小时AEEG的灵敏度为94.8%，特异性为73.9%。结论 Thompson评分可作为快速经济预测中重度HIE及异常脑电图的手段。Thompson评分在预测HIE程度上可能较脑电图更经济、更准确、更方便广大临床医生使用。
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