Objective To evaluate significance of squamous cell carcinoma associated antigen (SCC Ag) and carcinoembrynoic antigen (CEA) and carbohydrate antigen 15-3 (CA15-3) in early diagnosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma. Methods Lung squamous cell carcinoma was induced with methylcholanthrene (MCA) in iodized oil in Wistar rats. Ninty-one rats were used for this experiment, and the rats were sacrificed on the 20th, 40th, 50th, 60th, 70th and 80th days respectively. The stage of the cancer development including atypical hyperplasia, carcinoma in situ, early invasive carcinoma was diagnosed histopathologically. SCC Ag, CEA and CA15-3 in the serum of different conceration stage rats were measured by MEIA technique. Results Serum levels of SCC Ag, CEA and CA15-3 of the model rats in the atypical hyperplasia and carcinoma in situ had no significant difference. The level of SCC Ag increased predominantly at the early invasive carcinoma(P＜0.01), but the other two markers had no change. Conclusion SCC Ag level in serum may be of considerable importance in the early diagnosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma.%目的探讨肺癌形成发展过程中血清鳞癌相关抗原（SCC Ag）、癌胚抗原(CEA)及糖链抗原15-3（CA15-3）的动态变化，为寻找有意义的肺癌早期诊断指标提供依据。方法经肺叶支气管内灌注甲基胆蒽(MCA)碘油溶液对91只Wistar大鼠诱癌，分别于灌注后第20、40、50、60、70、80天分批处死动物并采取血清。从经病理确诊为不典型增生、原位癌及早期浸润癌各阶段的动物模型组中各选取3～7例，应用微粒子酶免疫试验技术(MEIA)测定血清中SCC Ag、CEA、CA15-3的水平。结果在不典型增生、原位癌阶段，三种标志物均无改变；但在早期浸润癌阶段，血清SCC Ag明显增高，其差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01)，而CEA、CA15-3无明显改变。结论血清SCC Ag在肺鳞癌早期即升高，表明SCC Ag是肺鳞癌早期诊断的一个很有意义的指标。
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