穴位贴敷疗法治疗哮喘临床运用特点研究

摘要

Objective To discuss the clinical selected medicine for point application therapy, basic regularities of acupoints and factors affecting efficacy; To better guide clinical decision.Methods With computer search method, the literature in the last two decades concerning the point application therapy for asthma was collected, from China Academic Journal Network Publishing Database, VIP databases, Wanfang digital periodical and the CBM databases. The data were summarized, screened, entered and examined to establish a database. With the established database, the data extraction and statistical analysis were conducted to offer a statistical description of data about commonly used medicine, common acupoints, and application time etc. for asthma treatment.Results A quantity of 671 articles were collected and analyzed. The commonly used medicines for point application therapy on asthma were Semen Sinapis (82.12%), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (70.49%), Corydalis Rhizoma (65.42%), Kansui Radix (60.20%), and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (59.02%). The commonly used acupoints were Feishu (BL13) (89.72%), Dingchuan (EX-B1) (46.20%), Xinshu (BL15) (37.11%), Dazhui (DU14) (35.92%), and Geshu (BL17) (30.70%). The application time was mostly in the 30 hottest days in midsummer (58.31%). The point application therapy was suitable for treatment of various age groups. Disease control rate was above 80%.Conclusion The medicine for point application therapy for asthma is mainly pungent and warm. The most frequently-used acupoints focus on bladder meridian, Du meridian, Ren meridian and specific acupoints. The application time is mostly in the 30 hottest days in midsummer. It is with significant efficacy and suitable for a wide range of people, which is worth further promotion in the clinical practice.%目的：探讨穴位贴敷疗法治疗哮喘临床选用药物、穴位的基本规律以及影响疗效的相关因素，以更好地指导临床决策。方法采用计算机检索的方法，对近20年来中国知识资源总库、维普中文科技期刊数据库、万方数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库中穴位贴敷治疗哮喘的临床研究文献进行收集、整理、筛选、录入、审核，建立数据库，提取数据，对穴位贴敷治疗哮喘的常用药物、常用穴位及贴敷时间等进行统计分析。结果共收录穴位贴敷治疗哮喘的文献671篇。常用药物为白芥子（82.12%）、细辛（70.49%）、延胡索（65.42%）、甘遂（60.20%）、生姜（59.02%）。常用穴位为肺俞（89.72%）、定喘（46.20%）、心俞（37.11%）、大椎（35.92%）、膈俞（30.70%）。贴敷时间多在夏季三伏天（58.31%）。适用于治疗各年龄阶段人群，疾病控制率均在80%以上。结论穴位贴敷治疗哮喘用药以辛热温阳药为主，选穴主要集中在膀胱经、任脉、督脉以及特定穴，贴敷时间较多选在夏季三伏天，适用人群广泛、疗效显著，值得临床进一步推广。