目的：研究中国造血干细胞捐献者资料库黑龙江分库无关捐献者HLA－A、B、DRB1高分辨等位基因和单体型频率分布特征。方法：采用PCR－测序分型技术（ SBT）对13670名随机、无血缘关系、健康的中华骨髓库黑龙江分库造血干细胞捐献者进行HLA－A、B、DRB1高分辨基因分型，利用计数法和最大似然性原理方法分别计算HLA－A、B、DRB1等位基因及单体型频率。结果：共观察到286个HLA等位基因，其中频率＞0．1的A、B、DRB1座位特异性分别为A*02∶01、A*24∶02、A*11∶01、DR*07∶01、DR*09∶01、DR*15∶01。1087条A－B单体型中，22条单体型的频率高于0．01，267条单体型呈现显著的正连锁不平衡（ALD＞0，HF≥1．09×10－4，χ2＞3．84），12条表现为强连锁不平衡（RLD＞0．80）；1329条B－DRB1单体型中，19条单体型的频率高于0．01，357条单体型呈现显著的正连锁不平衡，18条表现为强连锁不平衡（RLD＞0．80）；4428条A－B－DRB1单体型中，1348条单体型有意义（频率≥1．09×10－4），17条单体型频率高于0．005。结论：获得黑龙江地区人群HLA－A、B、DRB1高分辨等位基因频率和单体型分布数据及相关遗传参数，等位基因和单体型的分布特征接近北方汉族人群，但具有其自身分布特征。%Objective:To research the distribution features of HLA-A,B and DRB1 high resolution alleles and haplotypes in Heilongjiang population.Methods:PCR-SBT methods was applied for HLA-A,B,DRB1 high resolution genotyping of 13 670 unrelated and healthy donors in region of Heilongjiang,and haplotype frequencies were calculated by counting and maximum likelihood method. Results:A total of 286 HLA alleles were observed and the most frequent alleles(>0.1)were A*02∶01,A*24∶02,A*11∶01,DR*07∶01,DR*09∶01 and DR*15∶01.Among 1 087 kinds of HLA-A-B haplotype ,there were 22 kinds frequency higher than 0.01,and 267 kinds with statistically significant and positive linkage disequilibrium(ALD>0,HF≥1.09×10-4,χ2>3.84).Moreover,among 1 329 kinds of HLA-B-DRB1 haplotype,there were 19 haplotypes frequency higher than 0.01,and 357 kinds with statistically significant and positive linkage disequilibrium.1 348 kinds of A-B-DR Haplotype were informative with frequency≥1.66 ×10-4 in 4 428 haplotypes, and a total of 17 kinds of A-B-DR haplotype frequency higher than 0.005.Conclusion: Get the distribution features of HLA high resolution allele and haplotype in Heilongjiang population, and associated genetic parameters, Distribution of alleles and haplotypes close to northern Han population,but have their own distribution.
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