Objective To reveal the hazard of the malignant tumors to the health of residents in Hebei Province during 2004-2005, and to provide clues for prevention and further research of malignant tumors. Methods According to stratified cluster sampling method,we conducted a survey to analyze the age,sex specific and the geography distribution of malignant tumors mortality rate with the software provided by Ministry of Health of The People's Republic of China. The maximum expectant values were used in the life lost study. Results The five leading causes of death in order of the malignant tumors were lung cancer,gastric cancer,esophage-al cancer, liver cancer and colon-rectum cancer from 2004 to 2005. For male ,the potential years of life lost( PYLLs) of the top 5 malignant tumors in order were liver cancer, gastric cancer, lung cancer, esophageal cancer and leukaemia. For Female,the orders were lung cancer,gastric cancer,liver cancer, breast cancer and leukaemia. A greater affect had been taken to the average years of life lost (AYLL) ,which caused by leukaemia, brain and nervous system tumor,bone tumor,breast cancer. From the point of view of geographical distribution, the PYLLs of rural residents were higher than it of urban residents. Conclusion Malignant tumors rank the second cause of death. Liver cancer,lung cancer,gastric cancer,esophageal cancer,breastcancer and leukaemia did principally cause the life lost.%目的 了解全国第三次死因调查河北省居民恶性肿瘤死亡情况及疾病负担,为防治工作提供依据.方法 对2004～ 2005年河北省居民死亡原因进行了以恶性肿瘤为重点的全死因调查.采取随机二阶段分层、整群抽样方法,以县（区）为单位抽取,采用减寿年数、平均减寿年数、标化减寿年数及标化减寿率等指标进行疾病负担的描述.结果 河北省2004～ 2005年总死亡病例82 878例,其中死于恶性肿瘤为18 424例,占全部死亡原因的22.23％.恶性肿瘤死亡率为133.59/10万（标化率为119.24/10万）.河北省前五位恶性肿瘤分别为肺癌、胃癌、食管癌、肝癌、结直肠癌.2004～2005年河北省抽样县市居民全死因减寿年数为698222.5人年,其中恶性肿瘤减寿年数为156542.5人年,占全死因的22.42％,因恶性肿瘤平均减寿年数为8.50岁.结论河北省2004～2005年恶性肿瘤仅次于脑血管病位于第二位,其对农村居民的危害大于对城市居民,肝癌、肺癌、胃癌、食管癌、乳腺癌和白血病是影响河北省居民寿命的最主要恶性肿瘤.
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