西安市某985高校大学生心理压力感基本特点与应对方式的研究

摘要

Objective To study the overall situation and coping styles of psychological stress among university students.Methods A total of 306 students from a university located in Xi'an City were selected with stratified random sampling to undergo a survey for basic feature and coping style of psychological stress.The experimental data were analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software and Excel 2003 software.Results The students got high scores on academic stress,career pressure and emotional stress (2.03 ± 0.82,2.02 ± 0.87,2.02 ± 0.74).The scores of love stress,interpersonal relations stress and campus environment stress of boys were much higher than those of girls [(1.59 ±0.67) vs (1.31 ±0.49),(1.77 ± 0.66) vs (1.58 ± 0.51),(1.89 ± 0.75) vs (1.63 ± 0.48)],the difference was significant (P ＜ 0.05).The scores of family stress,interpersonal relations stress,campus environment stress and emotional stress of rural students were much higher than those of urban students [(1.52±0.47) vs (1.64±0.48),(1.66±0.63) vs (1.83±0.61),(1.75± 0.69) vs (1.93 ± 0.68),(1.95 ± 0.81) vs (2.21 ± 0.82)],the difference was significant (P ＜ 0.05).By multiple linear regression analysis,trying to solve problems,self-reproach and reverie had an important predictor effect on psychological stress for university students.Conclusion The level of psychological stress among the university students was generally good.To a certain extent,trying to solve problems,self-reproach and reverie had an important predictor effect on psychological stress for university studcnts.%目的 研究大学生心理压力感的整体状况及其与应对方式的关系.方法 采用分层随机抽样方法对西安市某高校306名在校大学生的心理压力感和压力应对方式进行问卷调查,数据采用SPSS 19.0和Excel 2003软件进行分析.结果 大学生学业、择业、情绪方面的压力得分较高(2.03 ±0.82、2.02 ±0.87、2.02±0.74);男生在恋爱、人际、学校环境压力这项压力得分高于女生[(1.59±0.67) vs (1.31 ±0.49),(1.77 ±0.66) vs(1.58±0.51),(1.89±0.75) vs (1.63±0.48)],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);农村户籍大学生在家庭、人际、学校环境、情绪压力这4项得分高于城镇户籍大学生[(1.52±0.47) vs (1.64±0.48),(1.66±0.63) vs(1.83±0.61),(1.75±0.69) vs (1.93±0.68),(1.95±0.81) vs (2.21±0.82)],差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05);多元线性回归分析,解决问题、自责、幻想这3种应对方式对大学生压力感有显著预测作用.结论 西安市某985高校大学生总体压力感状况良好,解决问题、自责、幻想这3种应对方式在一定程度上可预测大学生的心理压力感.