Objective To determine serum interleukin-21 (IL-21 ) level and evaluate the role of IL-21 in acute hepatitis B (AHB). Methods Serum IL-21 levels of 44 AHB patients and 20 control subjects were determined by enz-ymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the relationship between serum IL-21 level and HBV-DNA, the live biochemical parameters were studied. Results Serum IL-21 level in AHB patients was significantly higher than that in control subjects (P < 0. 01). Accompanied by transaminases levels decline, the serum levels of IL-21 continuously down-regulated. Furthermore, the analysis demonstrated a significant negative correlation of serum IL-21 level at the first visit with the required time of HBsAg seroclearance ( r = - 0. 616 , P < 0. 01 ) . But no relationship was found between serum IL-21 level and HBV-DNA in the present study (r = 0. 128, P >0. 05). Conclusion IL-21 is a cytokine involved in acute HBV infection-associated liver damage and plays a role in the control of HBV replication by participating in immunological response.%目的 探讨急性乙型肝炎(AHB)血清IL-21水平变化与肝功能各项参数、HBV血清标志物及HBV-DNA的关系,研究IL-21在AHB发病中的作用.方法 双抗体夹心ELISA法检测44例AHB患者和20例正常对照者血清中IL-21的水平,动态随访AHB患者血清IL-21变化,分析血清IL-21与HBV-DNA、HBV血清标志物、肝功能各项参数等指标的相关性.结果 AHB患者血清IL-21水平显著高于正常对照组(P＜0.01)；AHB患者血清IL-21水平随着转氨酶的下降而下降；AHB患者血清IL-21水平与HBsAg转阴所需时间呈负相关(r=-0.616,P＜0.01)；AHB患者血清IL-21水平与HBV-DNA水平无相关性(r=0.128,P＞0.05).结论 IL-21与急性HBV感染导致的肝脏炎症密切相关,并可能参与急性HBV感染的免疫应答,促进机体对HBV的清除.
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