七种常用水产药物对梭鲈幼鱼的急性毒性

摘要

The acute toxicity ofseven com m on drugs to juvenile pike perch (Lucioperca Lucioperca)w ith body w eightof8.2 g w as studied atw atertem perature of21℃,pH 8.10 and dissolved oxygen level (D O)of5 m g·L -1 by a static testm ethod.Itw as found that the m edian-lethalconcentration(LD50)oftrichloroisocyanuric acid w as3.48 m g·L -1 in 24 h,1.74 m g·L -1 in 48h,and 1.41m g·L -1 in 96 h,w ith safe concentrations of0.141 m g·L -1.The LD50 ofK M nO 4 w as found to be 2.11 m g·L -1 in 24 h,1.66 m g·L -1 in 48 h and 1.53 m g·L -1 in 96 h,w ith safe concentrationsof0.153 m g·L -1.N aC lhad LD50 of7348.47 m g·L -1 in 24 h,4898.99 m g·L -1 4165.53 m g·L -1 in 96 h,w ith safe concentrations of416.55 m g·L -1.The LD50 ofcyperm ethrin w as 0.45 m g·L -1 in 24 h,0.17 m g·L -1 in 48 h and 0.15 m g· L -1,w ith safe concentrations of0.015 m g·L -1.The LD50 ofdipterex w as found to be 0.45 m g·L -1 in 24 h,0.17 in 48 h,and 0.15 m g·L -1 in 96 h,w ith safe concentrationsof0.093 m g·L -1.The LD50 ofphoxim w as0.09 m g·L -1 in 24 h,0.06 m g·L -1 in 48 h and 0.04 m g·L -1 in 96 h,w ith safe concentrations of0.004 m g·L -1.The LD50 ofC uSO 4 to juvenilpikeperch w as 6.86 m g·L -1 in 24 h,2.60 m g·L -1 in 48 h, and 1.21 m g·L -1 in 96 h,w ith safe concentrations of0.121 m g·L -1,indicating thatthe acute toxicity orderofthe seven pesticides to ju-venile pikeperch w asdescendantly ranged asphoxim > cyperm ethrin > C uSO 4 > trichloroisocyanuric acid > dipterex > K M nO 4 > N aC l.%在水温21℃、溶氧5.00mg·L-1、pH8.1的静水条件下，探讨强氯精、高锰酸钾、氯化钠、氯氰菊酯、敌百虫、辛硫磷和硫酸铜7种常用水产药物对平均体质量（8.2±0.5）g 梭鲈 Lucioperca lucioperca 幼鱼的急性毒性。结果表明：强氯精对梭鲈幼鱼的24h、48h、96h LD50值分别为3.48mg·L-1、1.74mg·L-1、1.41mg·L-1，安全浓度为0.141mg·L-1；高锰酸钾的24h、48h、96h LD50值分别为2.11mg·L-1、1.66mg·L-1、1.53mg·L-1，安全浓度为0.153mg· L-1；氯化钠的24h、48h、96h LD50值分别为7348.47mg·L-1、4898.9mg·L-1、4165.53mg·L-1，安全浓度为416.55mg· L-1；氯氰菊酯的24h、48h、96h LD50值分别为0.45mg·L-1、0.17mg·L-1、0.15mg·L-1，安全浓度为0.015mg·L-1；敌百虫的24h、48h、96h LD50值分别为2.14mg·L-1、1.41mg·L-1、0.93mg·L-1，安全浓度为0.093mg·L-1；辛硫磷的24h、48h、96h LD50值分别为0.09mg·L-1、0.06mg·L-1、0.04mg·L-1，安全浓度为0.004mg·L-1；硫酸铜的24h、48h、96h LD50值分别为6.86mg·L-1、2.60mg·L-1、1.21mg·L-1，安全浓度为0.121mg·L-1。这7种药物对梭鲈幼鱼的毒性由强至弱依次为：辛硫磷＞氯氰菊酯＞硫酸铜＞强氯精＞敌百虫＞高锰酸钾＞氯化钠。