用改进的Sollott法合成1,3,5,7-四硝基金刚烷

摘要

以金刚烷为原料经过溴化、卤素交换碘化、酰胺化、水解和氧化5步反应合成1,3,5,7-四硝基金刚烷(TNA).其中,第三步自由基酰胺化反应用偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)在常规玻璃仪器中进行化学引发,代替了 Sollott法中用石英反应瓶和特殊的Ryaonet光化学反应器的光照引发.结果表明,该方法的反应时间从64h缩短到30 min,1,3,5,7-四乙酰氨基金刚烷的产率从51％提高到95％；TNA的总产率从文献报道的8‰提高到18％.%1,3,5,7-Tetranitroadamantane (TNA) was prepared from adamantane via a five-step route: bromination, halogen-exchange iodation, amidation, hydrolysis and oxidation. The third step, free radical amidation, was catalyzed by AIBN in common glassware instead of photolyzed by ultraviolet in quartz reaction flask and Rayonet photochemical reactor in sollotts method. The results show that the reaction time could be dramatically shortened from 64 h to 30min, and the yield of 1,3,5,7-tetraacetamidoadamantane could be promoted from 51% to 95%. The total yield of TNA from adamantane was promoted to 18% against 8% reported in reference.