单质炸药在等离子体作用下的起爆响应

摘要

为了得到单质炸药在等离子体作用下的起爆响应规律,以镍·铬(Ni-Cr)丝和钨丝电爆炸作为等离子体产生源,进行了单质炸药的等离子体起爆实验,采用示波器测定等离子体的电压和电流,以见证板判定炸药是否爆轰.结果表明,Ni-Cr丝等离子体对奥克托今(HMX)的起爆能力强于钨丝等离子体.选用粒度21μm和140 μm,装药密度相差10％的HMX起爆,粒度较小和装药密度较小时,HMX的等离子体起爆响应更剧烈.单质炸药奥克托今(HMX),2,6-二氨基-3,5-二硝基吡嗪-1-氧化物(LLM-105),1,1-二氨基-2,2-二硝基乙烯(FOX-7),N-脒基脲二硝酰胺盐(FOX-12),三氨基三硝基苯(TATB)可被等离子体起爆.2,4-二硝基苯甲醚(D NAN)由电爆炸产生的热作用引燃.炸药的Ni-Cr丝等离子体感度顺序为:HMX＞LLM-105≈FOX-7＞FOX-12＞TATB.推断等离子体起爆炸药的机理为混合起爆.提出了基于等离子体的颗粒燃烧模型.%To obtain the initiation respone rule of explosive compound under the action of plasma,the plasma initiation experi ments of explosive compound were performed using electrical exploding of nickel-chromium (Ni-Cr) and tungsten (W) wires as a plasma generating source,the voltage and current of plasma were measured by oscilloscope,and whether explosive detonation was judged by witness plates.Results show that the ability of octogen (HMX) initiated by Ni-Cr wire plasma is stronger than that of HMX nitiated by W wire plasma.When the initiation of HMX with particle size of 140 iμm and 21 μm and of 10％ charge density difference is selected,and lower charge density and smaller particle size are used,the plasma initiation respone of HMX is more intense.HMX,1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene(FOX-7),N-guanylureadinitramide(FOX-1 2),2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine1-oxide(LLM-105)and triaminotrinitrobenzene(TATB) can be initiated by plasma.2,4-dinitroanisole(DNAN) is ignited by heat of electrical exploding wire.The order of Ni-Cr wire plasma initiation sensitivity is HMX＞LLM-105 ≈ FOX7＞FOX-12＞TATB.The mechanism of explosive initiated by plasma is inferred as mixed initiation mechanism.A particles combustion model based on plasma is proposed.