维持性血液透析患者家庭照顾者负担现状及影响因素分析

摘要

Objective To investigate the burden of family caregivers for hemodialysis (HD) patients and its influence factors.Methods A total of 120 family caregivers for HD patients were investigated by the general self-designed questionnaire and zarit burden interview (ZBI).Results Total ZBI score of the caregivers was 30.28±17.27,and 67.5％ caregivers felt caregiver burden.The factors influencing the burden included social support,self-care ability,caregiver gender and the time spent on care (social support:β=-0.781,P＜0.001;self-care ability:β=0.236,P＜0.001;caregiver gender:β=0.280,P=0.001;the time spent on care:β=-0.025,P =0.005).Conclusion Caregivers should have proper guidance and help to alleviate their physical and mental burden,in order to improve the quality of life of caregivers and hemodialysis patients.%目的 调查血液透析(Hemodialysis,HD)患者家庭照顾者负担现状及影响因素.方法 采用一般资料问卷、照顾者负担量表对120名HD患者家庭照顾者进行调查. 结果 HD患者家庭照顾者负担总分为(30.28±17.27)分,67.5％的照顾者存在不同程度的照顾负担.照顾者社会支持(β=-0.781,P＜0.001)、患者自理能力(β=0.236,P＜0.001)、照顾者性别(β=0.280,P=0.001)及照顾时间(β=-0.025,P=0.005)是影响照顾者负担的因素.结论 护理人员应注意提高照顾者社会支持水平,培养患者的自理能力,关爱女性照顾者的身心健康,加强照顾者对疾病知识及护理技巧的掌握,以此减轻照顾者负担,提高血液透析患者及照顾者的生活质量.