侧面碰撞中儿童测试假人与人体模型动态响应差异性研究

摘要

By the method of combining the computer simulation and test, according to the requirements of ECE R129 regulations, for both Q3 dummy and Facet human model, the simulations of frontal and side impacts were conducted in MADYMO and verified by frontal crash tests. The paper studies the difference in dynamic response between the Q3 test dummy and human model under side impact conditions. The results show that the roll angle of Q3 test dummy is greater than that of human model in the process of rebound. The two head acceleration curves and both the damage values are consistent; however, the difference in chest 3 ms synthetic acceleration is large. The study shows that the stiffness of Q3 dummy is greater than that of human model, and the biofidelity of the test dummy should be improved in the thoracic and lumbar regions.%采用计算机仿真和试验相结合的方法，根据 ECE R129法规在多刚体动力学分析软件（Mathematical Dynamic Model，MADYMO）中建立 Q3儿童测试假人和 Facet 儿童人体模型的正碰和侧碰仿真模型[1]。通过台车碰撞试验验证所建仿真模型的有效性，研究在侧碰情况下，Q3儿童测试假人和 Facet 儿童人体模型动态响应的差异性。仿真结果发现，在侧面碰撞时，Q3儿童测试假人回弹过程中侧倾角度明显大于 Facet 儿童人体模型，二者头部加速度曲线以及伤害值较为吻合，但胸部3 ms 合成加速度相差较大。研究结果表明，Q3儿童测试假人胸椎相比 Facet 人体模型刚度较大，Q3儿童测试假人胸椎、腰椎生物仿真度有待进一步提高。