维生素A添加水平对22～42日龄黄羽肉鸡生长性能、血清和肝脏维生素A含量及抗氧化能力的影响

摘要

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同水平维生素A对22～42日龄黄羽肉鸡生长性能、血清和肝脏维生素A含量及抗氧化能力的影响.选用22日龄快长型岭南黄羽肉公鸡l 440只,根据体重均衡原则随机分为6个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复40只.各处理维生素A添加水平分别为0(对照组)、750、1 500、3 000、6 000、12 000 IU/kg.试鸡自由采食与饮水,饲养21 d.结果表明:1)饲粮添加维生素A显著提高试鸡42日龄体重和平均日增重(P＜0.05),并显著降低料重比(P＜0.05),添加维生素A 1500、3000 IU/kg显著提高试鸡平均日采食量(P＜0.05).2)随维生素A添加水平升高,试鸡血清、肝脏维生素A含量显著提高(P＜0.05).添加维生素A 12 000 IU/kg组血清和肝脏维生素A含量显著高于其他各组(P＜0.05),添加维生素A 3 000、6 000 IU/kg组血清维生素A含量显著高于除添加维生素A 12 000 IU/kg组外的其他各组(P＜0.05),添加维生素A 6000 IU/kg组肝脏维生素A含量显著高于除添加维生素A 12000 IU/kg组外的其他各组(P＜0.05).3)饲粮中添加维生素A 1500、3000、6000 IU/kg可显著提高试鸡血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力(P＜0.05),添加维生素A可显著提高肝脏GSH-Px活力(P＜0.05)；添加维生素A 1500、3000、6000、12000 IU/kg可显著降低血清丙二醛(MDA)含量(P＜0.05),添加维生素A 3000 IU/kg可显著降低肝脏MDA含量(P＜0.05).结果提示,饲粮添加维生素A 3000 ～6000 IU/kg能维持血清维生素A含量稳定,提高机体抗氧化能力,从而促进22～42日龄黄羽肉鸡生长.%This study was conducted to investigate the effects of vitamin A supplemental level on growth performance, vitamin A content and antioxidantive capacity in serum and liver of yellow-feathered broilers aged from 22 to 42 days. One thousand four hundred and forty male broilers aged 22 days were randomly assigned into six treatments. Each treatment consisted of five replicates with 40 birds. Supplemental levels of vitamin A in a basal diet were 0 (control) , 750, 1 500, 3 000, 6 000 and 12 000 IU/kg, respectively. Feed and water were provided ad libitum for a period of 21 d. The results showed as follows; 1) dietary supplementation of vitamin A significantly increased body weight and average daily gain at 42 days of age (P <0. 05) , and significantly decreased the ratio of feed to gain (P <0. 05). Adding 1 500 and 3 000 IU/kg vitamin A significantly improved average daily feed intake (P <0. 05). 2) With the increasing of vitamin A supplemental level, the content of vitamin A in serum and liver was increased significantly (P <0. 05) , and that in 12 000 IU/kg vitamin A supplemental group was significantly higher than that in the other groups (P <0. 05). Vitamin A content in serum in 3 000 and 6 000 IU/kg vitamin A supplemental groups was significantly higher than that in the other groups except for 12 000 IU/kg vitamin A supplemental group (P < 0. 05). Vitamin A content in 6 000 IU/kg vitamin A supplemental group was significantly higher than that in the other groups except for 12 000 IU/kg vitamin A supplemental group (P < 0. 05). 3) Supplementation of vitamin A at levels of 1 500, 3 000 and 6 000 IU/kg significantly improved glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in serum (P <0. 05) , and that in liver was significantly increased (P <0. 05). Adding vitamin A at levels of 1 500, 3 000, 6 000 and 12 000 IU/kg in diet significantly decreased malondialdehyde ( MDA) content in serum (P <0. 05) , and that in liver in 3 000 IU/kg vitamin A supplemental group was significantly decreased (P < 0. 05). These results indicate that dietary vitamin A from 3 000 to 6 000 IU/kg can maintain the stable content of vitamin A in serum, increase antioxidantive capacity and improve growth performance of broilers aged from 22 to 42 days. [ Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition, 2012, 24( 11) :2110-2117 ]