鸟氨酸脱羧酶抗酶1基因的结构和功能

摘要

The synthesis of ornithine decarboxylase antizyme 1 (OAZ1) protein is mediated by a mechanism involving a programmed + 1 frameshifting during translation of the OAZ1 full-length mRNA.The studies suggest that OAZ1 could bind to ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) and facilitate its degradation,resulting in decreasing the polyamine level in cells; OAZ1 also could bind to cell cycle regulatory proteins including Cyclin D1,Cyclin E1 and Smad1,and then result in blocking the cell cycle.Furthermore,recent studies showed that OAZ1 acted as a tumor suppressor and played an important role in regulating the process of animal reproduction.Furthermore,antizyme inhibitor has a higher affinity for OAZ1 than for ODC,and as such can displace ODC from the ODC-OAZ1 complex and prevent ODC from being degraded.Asparagine can effectively inhibit OAZ1 expression and regulate the ODC activity.In this paper,the research progress in molecular characterization and functions of OAZ1 were reviewed.%鸟氨酸脱羧酶抗酶1(OAZ1)基因可通过特殊的+1移码机制翻译全长的功能蛋白.研究发现,OAZ1能与鸟氨酸脱羧酶(ODC)结合并降解ODC,负调控细胞内多胺的水平;OAZ1还能降解Cyclin D1、Cyclin E1和Smad1周期蛋白,阻滞细胞周期；此外,近年来研究表明,OAZI还具有抗肿瘤效应和调控动物繁殖的功能.抗酶抑制因子能竞争性结合ODC-OAZ1复合体中的OAZ1,从而阻止ODC降解；天门冬酰胺也能通过抑制OAZ1的翻译来调节ODC的活性.本文就OAZ1基因结构和功能的研究现状作一综述.