钙敏感受体介导的信号传导通路及生理功能

摘要

Calcium-sensing receptor ( CaSR) is a member of the G protein-coupled receptors ( GPCRs) C fam-ily, and wildly expressed in nervous system, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, kidney and bone tis-sue. After combined with its agonists and allosteric modulators, the downstream signaling pathways are activa-ted, which play very important roles in the regulation of calcium homeostasis, cell proliferation and differentia-tion, immune function and endocrine hormone releasing. However, recent researches mostly focus on cattle, human and mice. The studies on livestock and other animals are limited, and undergoing mechanisms of physi-ological functions of CaSR mediation are not clear enough. Therefore, this paper summarized the discovery, the structure, mediated signaling events and physiological effects of the CaSR, in order to lay a theoretical foundation for further study on livestock and other animals.%钙敏感受体( CaSR)是G蛋白偶联受体( GPCRs) C家族的成员，其在神经系统、心血管系统、胃肠道、肾脏及骨组织中有广泛的分布，当与激动剂及变构调节剂结合后，激活下游相关信号通路，对于机体钙稳态的维持、细胞的增殖分化、免疫及多种内分泌激素的释放具有重要调节作用。目前的研究报告主要来自于牛、人、鼠等，对家畜和其他动物的研究还较少，对机体各项生命活动的调控作用也不明确。为此，本文从CaSR的发现、结构、介导的信号活动及生理作用等方面作一综述，以期为研究 CaSR 调节动物生理活动的机制及发挥的生理功能奠定理论基础。