复合酶制剂对泌乳奶牛瘤胃发酵、营养物质表观消化率及生产性能的影响

摘要

The object of this experiment was conducted to study the effects of adding different doses of compound enzyme preparation in the diet on rumen fermentation, nutrient apparent digestibility, serum indexes and performance of lactating cows.Nine Holstein lactating cows were selected with similar body weight, parity , milk yield and lactation days and were randomly allocated to 3 groups with 3 lactating cows in each group.The 3×3 Latin square design was used in this experiment.Dairy cows in control group were fed a basal diet, while those in trial groupsⅠ and Ⅱ were fed the basal diet added with 10 and 20 g/(head·d) compound enzyme preparation, respectively.The animal experiment was divided into 3 phases, and each phase lasted for 21 days with 14 days for adaptation and 7 days for sampling.The results showed as follows: 1) adding 10 g/(head·d) compound enzyme preparation in the diet could significantly increase rumen fluid butyrate concentration of dairy cows (P<0.05), but had no significant effects on rumen fluid total volatile fatty acid and other volatile fatty acid concentrations (P>0.05).2) Compared with the control group, adding 10 g/(head·d) compound enzyme preparation in the diet could significantly increase the apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude protein and neutral detergent fiber (P<0.05), also had a certain role in promoting the apparent digestibility of acid detergent fiber (P=0.06).3) Compared with the control group, adding 10 and 20 g/(head·d) compound enzyme preparation in the diet could significantly increase milk yield (P<0.05), and the 4% fat correction milk yield, milk fat yield, lactose yield in 10 g/(head·d) group were increased by 4.85 (P<0.05), 0.49 (P<0.05) and 0.32 kg/d (P<0.05), respectively.4) There was no significant effects of adding compound enzyme preparation on serum indexes of dairy cows (P>0.05).In conclusion, adding 10 g/(head·d) compound enzyme preparation in the diet can improve milk yield, milk fat yield and the concentration of rumen fluid butyrate, and the feeding effect is better than 20 g/(head·d).Comprehensive consideration, the recommended adding dose of compound enzyme preparation in the diet of lactating cows is 10 g/(head·d).%本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加不同剂量的复合酶制剂对泌乳奶牛瘤胃发酵、营养物质表观消化率、血清指标及生产性能的影响.选择体重、胎次、产奶量、泌乳天数相近的9头泌乳期荷斯坦奶牛,随机分成3组,每组3头.采用3×3拉丁方设计,对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组Ⅰ和试验组Ⅱ分别在基础饲粮基础上添加10和20 g/(头·d)的复合酶制剂,进行3期动物试验.每期21 d,其中14 d为预试期,7 d为采样期.结果表明:1)饲粮中添加10 g/(头·d)的复合酶制剂显著提高奶牛瘤胃液中丁酸的浓度(P<0.05),而对总挥发性脂肪酸和其他挥发性脂肪酸的浓度无显著影响(P>0.05);2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加10 g/(头·d)的复合酶制剂显著提高奶牛对干物质、粗蛋白质和中性洗涤纤维的表观消化率(P<0.05),对酸性洗涤纤维的表观消化率也有一定的提高作用(P=0.06);3)饲粮中添加10和20 g/(头·d)的复合酶制剂显著提高了奶牛的产奶量(P<0.05),且10 g/(头·d)组的4%校正乳(4%FCM)产量、乳脂产量和乳糖产量分别较对照组提高4.85(P<0.05)、0.49(P<0.05)和0.32 kg/d(P<0.05);4)复合酶制剂的添加未对奶牛血清指标产生显著影响(P>0.05).综上,饲粮中添加10 g/(头·d)复合酶制剂能够显著提高泌乳奶牛的产奶量、乳脂产量和瘤胃液丁酸浓度,且饲喂效果优于添加量为20 g/(头·d)时.综合考虑,泌乳奶牛饲粮中复合酶制剂的推荐添加量为10 g/(头·d).