复合有机酸钙对肉鸡生长性能、胫骨发育及血清指标的影响

摘要

本文旨在研究饲粮中添加复合有机酸钙对肉鸡生长性能、胫骨发育及血清指标的影响，评估复合有机酸钙对肉鸡的饲用效果。试验选取900只体重相近的1日龄健康科宝－500（ Cobb⁃500）肉公鸡，随机分为3个组，每组6个重复，每个重复50只鸡。对照组饲喂玉米－豆粕型基础饲粮，试验1和2组饲喂在基础饲粮中分别添加0．4％和0．8％复合有机酸钙（替换部分无机钙源）的试验饲粮，各组钙、磷水平保持一致，试验期42 d。结果表明：1）与对照组相比，试验1和2组肉鸡在1～21日龄、22～42日龄和1～42日龄的平均日增重（ ADG ）显著提高（ P＜0．05），料重比（ F／G）显著降低（ P＜0．05）。2）与对照组相比，21日龄时，试验1和2组肉鸡的胫骨钙含量显著提高（P＜0．05）；42日龄时，试验1和2组的胫骨长度和钙含量显著提高（P＜0．05），且试验1组的胫骨灰分含量显著高于对照组和试验2组（P＜0．05）。3）42日龄时，试验1和2组肉鸡的血清谷草转氨酶（GOT）活性显著低于对照组（P＜0．05），但试验1组的血清GOT活性与试验2组差异不显著（ P＞0．05）。饲粮中添加复合有机酸钙对21和42日龄肉鸡的血清甲状旁腺激素（ PTH）、降钙素（ CT）、钙、磷含量以及谷丙转氨酶（ GPT）、碱性磷酸酶（ AKP）活性均无显著影响（ P＞0．05）。4）饲粮中添加复合有机酸钙对21和42日龄肉鸡的血清总抗氧化能力（ T⁃AOC）、总超氧化物歧化酶（ T⁃SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（ GSH⁃Px）活性以及丙二醛（ MDA）含量均无显著影响（ P＞0．05）。由此可见，饲粮中添加复合有机酸钙可改善肉鸡的生长性能，促进胫骨发育，且以添加0．4％的复合有机酸钙饲用效果较好。%This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary compound organic acid calcium on growth performance, tibia development and serum indices of broilers, in order to evaluate the feeding effects of compound organic acid calcium in broilers. Nine hundred 1⁃day⁃old healthy Cobb⁃500 male broilers with similar body weight were randomly divided into three groups with six replicates per group and fifty broilers per replicate. The broilers in control group were fed the corn⁃soybean meal basal diet, while the others in ex⁃perimental groups 1 and 2 were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.4% and 0.8 % compound organic acid calcium ( replacement part of inorganic calcium source) , respectively. The levels of calcium and phosphorus in each group were the same, and the experiment lasted for 42 days. The results showed as follows:1) compared with control group, the average daily gain ( ADG) of broilers in experimental groups 1 and 2 was significantly increased and the ratio of feed to gain ( F/G) in experimental groups 1 and 2 was significantly decreased at 1 to 21, 22 to 42 and 1 to 42 days of age ( P<0.05) . 2) Compared with control group, the content of tibia calcium of broilers in experimental groups 1 and 2 was significantly increased at 21 days of age (P<0.05), and the length and calcium content of tibia in experimental groups 1 and 2 were significantly increased at 42 days of age ( P<0.05) . The ash content of tibia in experimental group 1 was significantly higher than that in control group and experimental group 2 at 42 days of age (P<0.05). 3) The activity of glutamic⁃oxalacetic transaminase ( GOT) in serum of broilers in experimental groups 1 and 2 was significantly lower than that in control group at 42 day of age (P<0.05), and no significant difference was observed between experimental groups 1 and 2 ( P>0.05) . Dietary compound organic acid calcium had no significant effects on the contents of parathyroid hormone (PTH), calcitonin (CT), calcium and phosphorus and the activities of glutamic⁃pyruvic transami⁃nase ( GPT) and alkaline phosphatase ( AKP) in serum of broilers at 21 and 42 days of age ( P>0.05) . 4) Di⁃etary compound organic acid calcium had no significant effects on the total antioxidant capacity ( T⁃AOC) , the activities of total superoxide dismutase ( T⁃SOD) and glutathione peroxidase ( GSH⁃Px) and the content of ma⁃londialdehyde ( MDA) in serum of broilers at 21 and 42 days of age ( P>0.05) . In conclusion, dietary com⁃pound organic acid calcium can improve the growth performance and promote the tibia development of broilers. The appropriate level of compound organic acid calcium in broiler diet for better feeding effect is 0.4%.