饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌或粪肠球菌对冬毛期水貂生长性能、营养物质消化率、氮代谢及毛皮品质的影响

摘要

This experiment was conducted to study the effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis or Enterococcus faeca-lis on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen metabolism and pelt quality of minks during winter fur-growing season. Seventy healthy 135-day-age male minks with the average body weight of(1 767.94 ± 174.20)g were randomly divided into 7 groups with 10 replicates per group and 1 mink per replicate. Minks in group Ⅰ(control group)were fed a basal diet,minks in groups Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ were fed the basal diet supple-mented with 1×108,1×109and 1×1010CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis,and minks in groupsⅤ,Ⅵand Ⅶ were fed the basal diet supplemented with 1×108,1×109and 1×1010CFU/kg Enterococcus faecalis, respectively. The experiment lasted for 70 days. The results showed as follows:1)compared with control group,the supplemen-tation of 1×109CFU/kg Enterococcus faecalis significantly increased the final body weight(P<0.05); the supplementation of 1×1010CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis or 1×109and 1×1010CFU/kg Enterococcus faecalis signif-icantly increased the average daily gain(P<0.05);the supplementation of 1×109and 1×1010CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis or 1×108,1×109and 1×1010CFU/kg of Enterococcus faecalis significantly reduced the feed/gain(P<0.05). 2)Compared with control group,the supplementation of 1×109CFU/kg Enterococcus faecalis signifi-cantly increased the protein digestibility(P<0.05);the supplementation of 1×108,1×109and 1×1010CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis or 1×108,1×109and 1×1010CFU/kg Enterococcus faecalis significantly increased the fat di-gestibility(P<0.05). 3)Compared with control group,the supplementation of 1×1010CFU/kg Bacillus subti-lis or 1×109CFU/kg Enterococcus faecalis significantly increased the nitrogen deposition(P<0.05). 4)Sup-plementation of 1×1010CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis compared with 1×108CFU/kg of Enterococcus faecalis, pile fur length was significantly increased(P<0.05)and guard fur length/pile fur length(G/P)was significantly reduced(P<0.05). In conclusion, when the winter fur-growing season of dietary supplemented with 1× 1010CFU/kg Bacillus subtilis or 1×109CFU/kg Enterococcus faecalis, the growth performance, nutrient di-gestibility, nitrogen deposition and pelt quality of minks are more preferably.%本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌或粪肠球菌对冬毛期水貂生长性能、营养物质消化率、氮代谢及毛皮品质的影响.试验采用单因素完全随机试验设计,选取135日龄健康雄性水貂70只,平均体重为(1767.94 ± 174.20)g,随机分成7组,每组10个重复,每个重复1只.Ⅰ组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮;Ⅱ、Ⅲ和Ⅳ组在基础饲粮中分别添加1×108、1×109和1× 1010CFU/kg枯草芽孢杆菌;Ⅴ、Ⅵ和Ⅶ组在基础饲粮中分别添加1×108、1×109和1× 1010CFU/kg粪肠球菌.试验期70 d.结果显示:1)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1×109CFU/kg粪肠球菌显著提高了终末体重(P<0.05);饲粮中添加1×1010CFU/kg枯草芽孢杆菌或1×109、1×1010CFU/kg 粪肠球菌均显著提高了平均日增重(P<0.05);饲粮中添加1×109、1× 1010CFU/kg枯草芽孢杆菌或1×108、1×109、1×1010CFU/kg粪肠球菌均显著降低了料重比(P<0.05).2)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1×109CFU/kg粪肠球菌显著提高了蛋白质消化率(P<0.05);饲粮中添加1×108、1×109、1×1010CFU/kg枯草芽孢杆菌或1×108、1×109、1×1010CFU/kg粪肠球菌均显著提高了脂肪消化率(P<0.05).3)与对照组相比,饲粮中添加1×1010CFU/kg枯草芽孢杆菌或1×109CFU/kg粪肠球菌均显著提高了氮沉积(P<0.05).4)1×1010CFU/kg枯草芽孢杆菌组绒毛长显著高于1×108CFU/kg粪肠球菌组,针绒比显著低于1×108CFU/kg粪肠球菌组(P<0.05).由此可见,冬毛期饲粮中添加1×1010CFU/kg枯草芽孢杆菌或1×109CFU/kg粪肠球菌时,水貂的生长性能、营养物质消化率、氮沉积和毛皮品质较为理想.