长期单项运动干预对糖耐量减低女大学生体成分指标和血糖控制的影响研究

摘要

目的：探讨长期单项运动干预对糖耐量减低（IGT）女大学生体成分指标和血糖、胰岛素、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c ）水平的影响，为 IGT 女大学生这一糖尿病高危人群有目的地运动控制提供参考。方法2011年9月—2013年12月结合内科护理学内分泌系统疾病患者护理实验课，便利调查、筛检出辽宁医学院护理学院2009—2012级护理学专业在校女大学生 IGT 患者29例，采用简单随机化法分为对照组15例和试验组14例，试验组给予为期24周的中等强度平地跑步或快速步行单项运动干预，分别于干预前和干预12、24周后测量身高、体质量、BMI、腰围、餐后2 h 血糖（2 hPG）、胰岛素、HbA1c水平。结果对照组与试验组不同时间点体质量、BMI、腰围、2 hPG、胰岛素和HbA1c水平比较，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）；其中长期单项运动干预与时间存在交互作用（P <0.05）；组间比较，差异有统计学意义（P <0.05）；时间间比较，差异有统计学意义（ P <0.05）。干预12周后，试验组 BMI、腰围、2 hPG、胰岛素水平低于对照组（P <0.05）；干预24周后，试验组体质量、BMI、腰围、2 hPG、胰岛素、HbA1c 水平低于对照组（P <0.05）。结论长期运动干预可改善 IGT 女大学生的体成分指标，降低75 g 口服葡萄糖耐量试验2 hPG、胰岛素、HbA1c水平至参考范围，逆转 IGT 状态。%Objectjve To explore the effects of sustained single exercise intervention on body composition indexes and levels of plasma glucose( PG),insulin,glycosylated hemoglobin( HbA1c )of female undergraduates with impaired glucose tolerance(IGT),and to provide the reference for targeted exercise intervention among female undergraduates with IGT—a diabetic high - risk group. Methods From September 2011 to December 2013,29 female nursing undergraduates with IGT in 2009—2012 grades from Nursing College of Liaoning Medical University who attended the medical nursing experimental class of endocrine system diseases patients care,were selected as study subjects,the cases were divided into control group(n = 15)and experimental group ( n = 14 ) by the simple randomization. Cases in experimental group were given a 24 - week moderate - intensity ground running or fast walking exercise intervention. Before intervention and 12,24 weeks after intervention, stature,body weight,BMI,waist circumference,levels of 2 h postprandial glucose( 2 hPG),insulin and HbA1c were measured respectively. Results There were significant differences in the body weight,BMI,waist circumference,levels of 2 hPG,insulin and HbA1c between experimental group and control group at different time points. There were interactions between long - term single exercise intervention and time(P < 0. 05);the difference among groups showed statistical significance(P <0. 05);and the difference among time points showed statistical significance( P < 0. 05). 12 weeks after intervention,BMI, waist circumference,levels of 2 hPG and insulin in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group(P <0. 05). 24 weeks after intervention, body weight, BMI, waist circumference, levels of 2 hPG, insulin and HbA1c in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group ( P < 0. 05 ) . Conclusjon Long - term exercise intervention can improve body composition indexes of female undergraduates with IGT,reduce levels of 75 g OGTT 2 hPG, insulin and HbA1c to normal range,and reverse the IGT status.