PDEA的ARGET-ATRP可控制备及其阳离子聚电解质在无盐染色中的应用

摘要

染色助剂的可控制备、有效应用(染匀、色光可控、提高色牢度等)是实现棉纤维的无盐染色,解决传统染色工艺造成的染料利用率低、无机盐排放造成的环境污染等问题的关键.本文以CuCl2(相当于单体物质的量的0.05%)、抗坏血酸和配体混合物为催化体系,采用电子转移再生催化剂原子转移自由基聚合(ARGET-ATRP)技术,制备了分子质量可控的聚甲基丙烯酸-2-(N,N-二乙氨基)乙酯(PDEA)的,考察了引发体系、投料比以及反应时间对聚合反应可控性的影响,并在此基础上研究了PDEA的ARGET-ATRP反应动力学.研究结果表明,聚合反应高效、可控,所得聚合物分子质量分布较窄,经硫酸二甲酯季铵化后可用于棉织物阳离子化改性.改性后棉织物的活性染料无盐染色性能提高,匀染性优良,且色牢度优良.%Controllable preparation and effective application of cationic agents is the key to realize the salt-free reactive dyeing for resolving the problems of the low efficiency of reactive dyes and the environmental pollution of the inorganic salt discharged in the conventional dyeing.Poly(2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (PDEA) was synthesized by atom transfer radical polymerization with activator regenerated by electron transfer (ARGET-ATRP) using mixtures of CuCl2 (5×10-4 of monomer mole), ascorbic acid and ligand as the catalyst.The effect of initiating system, inventory ratio and reaction time on the polymerization reaction were studied.On this basis, the ARGET-ATRP reaction kinetics of PDEA was studied.The results demonstrate that the polymerization is very efficient and well controlled with low polydispersity index.The polymer is quaternized using dimethyl sulfate as quaternization agent for cationic modification of cotton fabric.The modified cotton fabric shows enhanced salt-free reactive dyeing properties, good levelness and excellent color fastness.