OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the further promotion of"New Medical Reform"and the further implementa-tion and improvement of National Essential Medicine System. METHODS:By systematic sampling,1728 outpatient prescriptions were randomly selected from a community health service center in Foshan during 2012 to 2015,and then analyzed and compared statistically in respects of the amount of drugs,rational drug use indexes,prescription cost,main disease composition,treatment cost. The change rules and characteristics of all the above mentioned information were all studied. RESULTS:The average number of medicines per prescription and the number of essential medicines decreased year by year,Comparied with 2012,the proportion of antimicrobial agents,the proportion of two or more antimicrobial agents,the proportion of injection prescription and the propor-tion of transfusion prescription were significantly reduced,the cost of medical treatment of patients decreased significantly;medi-cine cost and medicare reimbursement amount had increased to different extents,there was statistical significance(P<0.05). Multi-ple linear regression analysis(stepwise)showed that the cost of medical treatment was closely related to rationality of prescriptions. Respiratory diseases,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases,gastrointestinal diseases were the top 3 of the major diseases, the proportion of prescriptions for respiratory diseases,gastrointestinal diseases decreased year by year,while that for cardiovascu-lar and cerebrovascular diseases increased year by year. CONCLUSIONS:The promotion of"New Medical Reform"and the imple-mentation of National Essential Medicine System play a positive role in promoting rational drug use and the quality of medical ser-vice in community health service center. However,there are still many problems in the community health service centers,such as too many medicines each prescription,the lack of diagnosis and treatment ability,the defects of medicine selection and administra-tion.%目的:为"新医改"的进一步推进和国家基本药物制度的进一步实施和完善提供参考.方法:采取系统抽样法,随机抽取佛山市某社区卫生服务中心"新医改"前后(2012-2015年)门诊处方1728张,对处方用药数量、处方合理用药指标情况、处方费用、主要疾病构成及其治疗费用等进行统计和对比分析,研究其变化规律及特点.结果:单张处方药品平均品种数和基本药物平均品种数均逐年下降;与2012年相比,抗菌药物处方比例、二联及以上使用抗菌药物处方比例、注射剂处方比例及输液处方比例均显著降低,患者就医费用显著下降,药品费用、医保处方报销金额则有不同程度上升,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);多元线性回归分析(逐步法)显示,患者就医费用与处方合理性等密切相关;主要疾病构成方面,呼吸道疾病、心脑血管系统疾病、消化道疾病相关处方占比居前3位,而相关处方占比呼吸道疾病、消化道疾病逐年下降,心脑血管系统疾病则逐年上升.结论:"新医改"的推进和国家基本药物制度的实施对社区卫生服务中心的合理用药水平和医疗质量提升起到正向促进作用,但社区卫生服务中心单张处方药物数量偏多、疾病诊治能力不足、药品遴选及管理缺陷等问题仍然存在.
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