Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics and the risk factors of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in infants.Methods The retrospective study of clinical data involving 214 IDA inpatients aged 4- 12 months old in our hospital from January 2002 to June 2009 was carried out.Results Among 214 infantile cases, infants less than 6 months old accounted 12.62％ and infants more than 6 months old accounted for 87.38％.Rural infants with IDA were more prevalent than city infants (61.21％ vs.38.79％ ).Most of these IDA infants had mild to moderate anemia degree (56.54％ and 38.79％ ), only 4.67％ inpatients were severe anemia.The prevalence rate of IDA in infants with breast- feeding without food supplement on time was 29.44％, which was more than that in infants with artificial feeding and mixed feeding.Most of these infants were full term infants (89.25％ ), while only 10.75％ were premature or twins.Laboratory examination indicated serum iron decrease (49.06％ ), ferritin decrease (56.07％) and serum transferrin receptor increase (33.33％).A hundred and eighty - four cases (85.98％) of these IDA infants were hospitalized because of varied complications such as respiratory infection.Conclusion Infants with IDA are more prevalent in rural infants more than 6 months old, in which the main cause is breast- feeding without food supplement on time.And IDA is often neglected because most of the patients could see a doctor due to complicating diseases.Prevention aiming at high risk groups, early diagnosis and early treatment are very important.%目的 分析医院婴儿缺铁性贫血的特点和相关危险因素.方法 回顾性分析儿童医院2002年1月至2009年6月收治的214例缺铁性贫血患儿的临床资料.结果 214例患儿中,6月龄以下占12.62%,6月龄以上占87.38%;农村患儿占61.21%,城市患儿占38.79% ;轻度贫血占56.54%,中度贫血占38.79%,重度贫血占4.67%;母乳喂养但未按时添加辅食者占29.44%;足月儿占89.25%,早产儿、双胞胎占 10.75%;实验室检查表现为血清铁下降者49.06%,铁蛋白下降者56.07%,转铁蛋白受体水平升高者33.33% ;184例(85.98%)患儿以伴发疾病入院.结论 婴儿缺铁性贫血高发于出生后6～12个月,农村儿童较城市儿童多见,母乳喂养但未按时添加辅食是贫血的主要原因;缺铁性贫血易被忽视,多以伴发疾病就诊;针对高危人群、危险因素预防和早期诊治有重要意义.
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