Encouraged by the great success of shale oil development in the US, China began its shale oil exploration and development activities in 2010. During the past decade, progresses had been made in many shale-oil-bearing basins, including Ordos, Junggar and Bohai Bay. This article reviewed in detail the current situations of shale oil exploration and development in these basins. Issues such as shale oil play geological conditions that quite different from that of the U.S., lack of specific technologies, impact of a low oil price, absence of sufficient fiscal support from the central government and room for further institutional improvement, were sorted out to be the major challenges in the path of shale oil exploration and development in the basins. To deal with the problems, the authors proposed a nationallevel research for cost-reduction and efficiency-increasing strategy and painted a preliminary roadmap of technology research for shale oil extraction. Four national-level pilot projects of shale oil development were also suggested in the paper.
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