孕前保健对某地区出生缺陷及其他不良妊娠结局影响的观察

摘要

Objective To explore the effect of preconception care on birth defect and other adverse pregnancy outcomes in Fanyu District. Methods Select 1000 sample size for research, 500 people who used of preconception care as the observation group, and 500 people without preconception care as the control group. Eugenic knowledge and awareness, taking the case of folic acid, prenatal care and treatment, adverse pregnancy outcomes of two groups were compared. Results Aware of knowledge about eugenics, the rate of taking folic acid and the treatment of chronic diseases coverage of observation group were significantly higher than the control group(P < 0.05); At 4 weeks pregnancy diagnosis rate and birth defects in prenatal screening coverage were significantly higher than the control group(P < 0.05), and the main risk factor for early pregnancy exposure levels was significantly lower than the observation group(P < 0.05); Preterm birth and Expired pregnancy rates, the incidence of neonatal asphyxia, and the incidence of birth defects were significantly lower than the control group(P < 0.05), and the amount of postpartum bleeding was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05), the difference is statistically significant. Conclusion Preconception care can reduce birth defects, and improve the pregnancy outcome, we should further promote the smooth development of preconception care work.%目的：探讨孕前保健对广州市番禺区出生缺陷及其他不良妊娠结局的影响。方法选择1000个样本量进行研究，将进行孕前保健的500例设为观察组，未进行孕前保健的500例设为对照组，比较两组观察对象优生知识知晓率、叶酸服用情况、产前检查与治疗及不良妊娠结局等指标。结果观察组优生知识知晓率、叶酸服用率、慢性病的治疗覆盖率均明显优于对照组（P＜0.05）；观察组孕4周内妊娠确诊率、出生缺陷产前筛查覆盖率明显高于对照组，妊娠早期主要危险因素暴露水平明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）；观察组早产及过期妊娠率、新生儿窒息发病率、出生缺陷发生率均明显低于对照组（P＜0.05），产后出血量明显低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论孕前保健可减少出生缺陷，改善妊娠结局，应进一步推进孕前保健工作的顺利开展。