儿童过敏性紫癜110例临床分析

摘要

目的 分析过敏性紫癜的流行病学资料、临床特征及易感因素,为疾病的临床诊治提供参考.方法 回顾性分析2011年1月～2014年12月江苏大学附属医院儿科明确诊断的110例过敏性紫癜住院病例的临床资料.结果 流行病学资料分析显示本病冬春季节多发,好发于男性,发病率约为女性的1.62倍,3～9岁儿童为发病高峰期,前驱感染尤其是呼吸道感染为本病最常见发病诱因,首发症状以皮肤紫癜多见,以胃肠道症状首发误诊率较高;性别(r＞0,P＜ 0.05)、白细胞计数(r＞0,P＜0.05)、血沉(r＜0,P＜0.05)、D-二聚体含量(r＞0,P＜0.05)、抗“O”水平(r＞0,P＜ 0.05)、IgA含量(r＞0,P＜0.05)、C反应蛋白表达量(r＞0,P＜0.05)等常见发病诱因与主要临床症状的出现存在一定关联.结论 儿童过敏性紫癜3-9岁为发病高峰,以胃肠道症状首发病例容易误诊,需要引起注意.常规实验室检查结果的多指标综合考量有助于评估主要临床症状发生的相关性,减少损伤性检查,有助于疾病的早期诊治和预防性治疗.%Objective To analyze the epidemiological data,clinical features and susceptibility factors of HenochSchonlein purpura and provide references for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease.Methods Clinical data of 110 inpatients with henoch-schonlein purpura diagnosed in pediatrics of Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University from January 2011 to December 2014 was retrospectively analyzed,the clinical data were summarized.Results Epidemiological analysis showed that the disease was more frequent in winter and spring,the males incidence was about 1.62 times higher than that in females.The children aged 3-9 were at peak incidence.The predominant infection was predominant infection,especially respiratory tract infection Induced,the first symptom of skin purpura was more common,the first diagnosis of gastrointestinal symptoms with higher misdiagnosis rate,gender (r ＞ 0,P ＜ 0.05),white blood cell count (r ＞ 0,P ＜ 0.05),D-dimer content (r ＞ 0,P ＜ 0.05).The common triggers were associated with the appearance of the main clinical symptoms (r ＞ 0,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Children with henoch-schonlein purpura (3-9 years old) have the highest incidence and may be misdiagnosed as the first cases of gastrointestinal symptoms.The multi-index comprehensive consideration of the results of routine laboratory tests can help assess the correlation of the main clinical symptoms,reduce the damage examination,and help the early diagnosis and treatment of the disease.