拉曼光谱技术在癌症诊断中的研究进展

摘要

Cancer is one of the diseases with highest incidence and mortality in the world, with the change of life style and the aging society, the task of prevention and treatment of cancer will be very difficult. The early diagnosis methods have the low positive rate, excessive diagnosis, invasive and other shortcomings, which is not conducive to the high-risk population screening and to improve the survival rate of cancer patients. Raman spectroscopy can provide the molecular structure characteristics of the test sample. It is very suitable for the early diagnosis of cancer. Raman spectrum detection technology, rapid, noninvasive and high sensitivity, is becoming a new method for cancer diagnosis. It mainly introduces the progress of Raman spectroscopy in cancer diagnosis and offers the new trends and the developing way for early diagnosis of cancer on saliva surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy technology.%癌症是世界上发病率和病死率最高的疾病之一，随着生活方式的变化和社会老龄化，防治癌症的任务将十分艰巨。早期诊断方法存在阳性率低、过度诊断及有创等缺点，不利于高危人群筛查及癌症生存率的提高。拉曼光谱技术可以提供检测样本的分子结构特征，适合于癌症的早期诊断，且具有快速、无创及高灵敏度的特点，正在成为一种新的癌症诊断方法。通过介绍国内外拉曼光谱技术在癌症诊断方面的研究进展，提出采用唾液表面增强拉曼检测技术为癌症的筛查和早期诊断提供新途径的发展思路。