定量超声与肌电图在下背痛评估中的应用

摘要

Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most prevalent health problems in modem society. Risk factors of low back pain are complicated and poorly understood. Spinal instability is likely to.be the most important cause of low back pain. The spinal stabilizing system consists of spine, trunk muscle and nerve system. Therefore it is important to understand the role of trunk muscle in the spinal stabilizing system and low back pain. There exists dysfunction of trunk muscle in the patients with low back pain, which leads the high recurrence of low back pain. Electromyography and quantitative ultrasound are widely applied in the research of trunk muscle for low back pain. This paper gives a review on the low back pain assessment using electromyography and quantitative ultrasound. The problems of quantitative ultrasound are also discussed.%下背痛(Low Back Pain)是现代社会非常常见的问题,其成因非常复杂,亦是亟待解决的问题.而脊柱结构稳定(Spine Stability)性不足是最可能的成因.脊柱稳定系统由脊柱、腰背肌肉和神经系统构成,所以腰背肌肉的研究对Spine Stability和Low Back Pain有着重要的意义.Low Back Pain患者的腰背肌肉功能会有所退化,导致Low Back Pain复发率高.肌电图学(Electromyography,EMG)和定量超声(Quantitative Ultround)已经被广泛地应用在Low Back Pain腰背肌功能的研究中.本文总结了Low Back Pain的研究现状,介绍了EMG和Quantitative Ultrasound在Low Back Pain研究中应用,并且讨论了Quantitative Ultrasound在Low Back Pain肌肉评估中的主要问题.