目的 利用聚乙二醇(PEG)和聚丙烯酸钠(PAAS)对球形纳米碳酸钙进行表面改性,并应用于肠道除铅的体外效果分析.方法 用复方分解法制备球形纳米碳酸钙,分散剂PEG和PAAS进行表面改性,采用粒径与电位分析、扫描电镜、透射电镜、X射线粉末衍射法、红外光谱分析等表征手段对改性的纳米碳酸钙及其粉体的结构特征进行检测,并用原子吸收光谱仪考察其在模拟肠液的体外除铅效果.结果 改性纳米碳酸钙中PEG/PAAS比例为1:1时所制备的纳米碳酸钙粒径、电位、分散性、晶体稳定性最佳,4 h左右能将铅离子浓度降低至30μg/L以下,达到满意的除铅效果,与微米碳酸钙比较两者差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 经PEG和PAAS改性后的纳米碳酸钙性质稳定,无毒,可进一步制成口服制剂应用于人体肠道除铅.%Objective To modify the spherical nanometer calcium carbonate by polyethylene glycol (PEG) and sodium polyacrylate (PAAS), and analyze its effect on intestinal lead removalin vitro. Methods The spherical nanometer calcium carbonate was made by the method of compound decomposition, and it surface properties were modified by dispersant PEG and PAAS. The structural characteristics of the modified nanometer calcium carbonate were investigated by the analysis of particle size and zeta potential, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction method and infrared spectrum. The effect of lead removal from the simulated intestinal fluidin vitro was measured by atomic absorption spectrometer. Results The particle size, electric potential, dispersion and crystal stability of the modified nanometer calcium carbonate were the best when the ratio of PEG to PAAS was 1 : 1, and the lead ion concentration was reduced to below 30 μg/L in 4 h, with satisfactory effect of lead removal. The difference was significant compared with micron calcium carbonate (P < 0.05). Conclusions The calcium carbonate nanoparticles modified by PEG and PAAS are stable and non-toxic, and can be further made into oral preparation for removing lead from human intestinal tract.
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