四川攀西地区奶牛乳房炎病原菌调查与敏感药物筛选试验

摘要

为了解四川攀西地区奶牛乳房炎病原菌和主要病原菌的耐药性情况，采用常规方法对3个奶牛场92个牛奶样品中的病原菌进行了分离鉴定，结果分离到17种菌，共计86株，分离到的病原菌数量最多的依次是大肠杆菌23株、绿脓杆菌17株、葡萄球菌15株、链球菌7株、沙雷菌属4株、弗劳氏枸橼酸杆菌3株、沙门氏菌3株、阴沟肠杆菌复合菌3株、粪肠球菌2株、猪丹毒丝菌2株以及坐皮肤球菌、产酸克雷伯氏菌、屎肠球菌、睾丸酮丛毛单胞菌、枯草芽孢杆菌、施氏假单胞杆菌、奇异变形杆菌各1株。采样量为12头、16头、18头奶牛的3个场，分别分离出14种、13种、16种乳房炎病原菌。同时，采用常规药敏试验方法对分离病原菌株数量最多的8种主要病原菌即大肠杆菌、绿脓杆菌、葡萄球菌、链球菌、沙雷菌、弗劳氏枸橼酸杆菌、沙门氏菌、阴沟肠杆菌复合菌进行了常用抗生素敏感试验，结果表明他们均存在不同程度的耐药性。%In order to understand pathogenic bacteria from dairy cows with mastitis and their drug tolerence in Panxi area of Sichuan,92 milk samples from 3 dairy cow farms were collected and the pathogenic bacteria were isolated and separated by conventional method. The results showed that there were 18 pathogenic bacteria and 86 strains,including 23Escheracolistrains, 17 Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains, 15 Staphylococcus strains,7 Streptococcus strains,4 Serratia strains,3 Citrbacter freundii strains,3 Salmonella strains,3 Enterobacter cloacae strains,2 Enterococcus faecalis strains,2 Erysipelothrix strains,1 Dermacoccus strain,1 Klebsiella oxytoca strain,1 Enterococcus faecium strain,1 Comamonastestosteroni strain,1 Bacillus subtilisstrain,1Pseudomonasstutzeristrain. The results of drug sensitivity test with the 8 main pathogenic bacteria showed that Eschera coli,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Staphylococcus,Streptococcus,Serratia,Citrbacter freundii,Salmonella,Enterobacter cloacaewere tolerant to antibiotics to some extent.