反刍动物瘤胃原虫自溶现象的初步研究

摘要

瘤胃原虫自溶的初步研究，可为反刍动物瘤胃内微生物蛋白循环的研究及相关调控技术的开展提供基础资料。本试验采用氧诱导自溶的方法，在体外培养条件下研究原虫形态、自溶度、蛋白酶活性及脂肪酶活性的变化。结果表明，氧诱导处理原虫形态变化明显，表现出自溶特征。前期（0～4 h）自溶速度较快，4 h胞内蛋白释放达50%。自溶组蛋白酶活性较对照组降低9.92%（P＜0.05）；而脂肪酶活性较对照组提高41.01%（P＜0.01）。胞外蛋白酶活性与原虫自溶度相关性最高（r=0.703）。脂肪酶活性对于原虫自溶度的直接效应最强（P=0.586）。综上所述，氧诱导处理使瘤胃原虫发生自溶，据此建立自溶模型。脂肪酶的作用是瘤胃原虫自溶的关键因素。%The purpose of this article is to find out the autolytic characteristic of rumen protozoa,and to provide some basic information for the study of microbial protein circulation and correlating regulation technique.The following parameters in vitro including conformation of protozoa,protein content,degree of autolysis,activity of protease and lipase were studied, with the method of oxygen inducement.The conformation change of protozoa conformation was evident induced by oxygen. There existed a sharp increase in the rate of autolysis during the prophase(0~4 h).The release of protein got 50%in 4 h.The protease activity outside of protozoa in oxygen-induced group was 9.92%lower than that of control group(P<0.05).The lipase activity outside of protozoa in oxygen-induced group was 41.01%higher than that of control group (P<0.01).There existed positive correlation between the protease activity outside of protozoa and autolysis degree of protozoa (r=0.703).The direct effect of the lipase activity on autolysis degree of protozoa was the strongest (P=0.586).The autolysis model of rumen protozoa was established in this study induced by oxygen.The key factor which caused protozoa autolysis was lipase.