紫外-可见光谱研究堆肥水溶性有机物不同组分演化特征

摘要

The dissolved organic matter (DOM) extracted from chicken manure composting samples during different stages were divided into hydrophobic acid (HOA), hydrophobic base (HOB), hydrophilic matter (HIM) and acid insoluble matter (AIM) according hydrophobic and polarity. The composition and transformation of different components were analyzed by ultraviolet-visible spectra, and 14 characteristic parameters were selected. The humification level of AIM was highest, followed by HOA, HOB and HIM. The molecular aggregation of HOB and HIM increased obviously, the molecular weight of HOA, HOB and AIM increased appearently, and the aromatic substance content of AIM and HOA increased significantly. The correlation analysis showed that the different band area integral could reach significant level, the correlation between S275-295 and many other characteristic parameters were significant or highly significant, so S275-295, A226-400, Am/As, Al/As and Al/Am were more precise than other ultraviolet-visible parameters to characterize humification level of organic matter.%按亲疏水-极性不同将鸡粪不同堆肥阶段样品提取出的水溶性有机物(DOM)分成疏水酸性(HOA)、疏水碱性(HOB)、亲水性(HIM)及酸不溶性(AIM)4个组分,通过紫外-可见光谱,选取了14个特征参数,研究了不同组分的组成与演化特征。结果显示：4个组分中AIM腐殖化水平最高,HOA次之,HOB第三,HIM最低；随着堆肥的进行,4个组分中HOB和HIM分子内团聚化程度提高显著, HOA、HOB及AIM的分子量显著增大, AIM及HOA的芳香类物质含量显著增加。相关性分析表明,不同波段面积积分相关性可达极显著水平,S275-295与多个特征参数相关性达显著或极显著水平,因此,特征S275-295、A226-400、Am/As、Al/As及Al/Am比其他紫外-可见参数表征有机质腐殖化水平更为精确。