牛病毒性腹泻病毒的分子生物学研究进展

摘要

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is one of the most important pathogenic viruses which mainly causes bovine viral diarrhea disease (BVD).BVDV can not only cause serious clinical symptoms,but also lead to decrease of immunity of livestock and infect other pathogens,resulting in significant increase of morbidity and mortality of sick animals,and causes significant losses to the cattle industry.With the development of molecular biology theory and technology in recent years,the research on BVDV has been deepening,and some new understandings have been made to the molecular biology of the virus.In this paper,the progress of molecular biology of BVDV in recent years is described from three aspects of the composition and function of virus,the epidemic situation of BVDV gene and the genetic and mutation of BVDV gene.%牛病毒性腹泻病毒(bovine viral diarrhea virus,BVDV)是导致牛腹泻的重要致病病毒之一,BVDV感染不仅能造成严重的临床症状,且可导致患畜的免疫力降低从而感染其他病原,致使患病动物的发病率和死亡率大大增加,给养牛业造成重大的损失.随着近年来分子生物学相关理论及技术不断发展,对于BVDV的研究逐渐深入,人们对该病毒的分子生物学方面有了一些新的了解,作者主要从BVDV的病毒粒子结构组成及功能、国内外的流行情况和BVDV基因的遗传与变异情况3个方面阐述近几年BVDV的分子生物学研究进展.