我国口蹄疫流行现状与控制策略

摘要

Based on the situation of foot and mouth disease(FMD)in China during 2005 to 2014,the statistical results from the epidemic surveillances,and active surveillances carried out by China National FMD Reference Labora-tory,current situation of FMD in China was summarized. The disease was characterized by sporadic distribution with multiplex strains but overall steady epidemic situation in China. Molecular epidemiological analysis of FMD showed that the dominant FMDV strains in China were O/Mya-98 and A/Sea-97,which caused wide spread and serious damage and were all from Southeast Asian countries. Hence,it will be the focus of the future work to prevent the threatening strains from foreign countries,strengthen their reserve studies and enhance immunization and immune monitoring.%[目的]科学研判我国口蹄疫流行形势，明确今后我国口蹄疫防控的重点工作。[方法]以口蹄疫分子流行病学和我国口蹄疫疫情情况、国家口蹄疫参考实验室疫情监测、主动监测数据为基础，分析了我国口蹄疫流行的现状和特点。[结果]目前，我国口蹄疫流行呈零星散发，毒株复杂，但总体疫情形势平稳。通过口蹄疫分子流行病学分析，表明我国目前主要流行有O型Mya-98毒株、A型Sea-97毒株，而这些毒株均来源于东南亚国家，污染面广，危害严重。[结论]境外流行毒株的威胁依然存在，防堵境外毒株的传入，加强威胁毒株的储备研究，加强免疫与免疫监测仍然是今后工作的重点。