基于广州市活禽批发市场不同禽类的市场链分析

摘要

为进一步了解广州市活禽批发市场不同种类活禽的来源、数量等情况，2015年对广州市全部6个活禽批发市场鸡、水禽（鸭、鹅）和珍禽（鸽子、鹌鹑、鹧鸪）的来源地、批次、数量等情况进行调查，并开展了活禽来源的空间分布、时间分布和时空分布等分析。结果发现：鸡是广州市活禽交易的主要活禽种类，而且来源广泛，涉及全国16个省122个地级市；水禽交易量巨大，来源省份主要为广东、广西、海南和江苏，其中鸭交易量远大于鹅；珍禽以鸽子为主，交易量相对较小，来源相对单一。总体而言，除第一季度（2月份）外，广州市各种活禽的交易时间均比较平稳，未出现明显的变化。本研究详细了解了本地区活禽批发市场的交易情况，为下一步以市场链为依据开展风险监测，更有针对性地采取基于风险的防控措施奠定了基础。%In order to further recognize the source and quantity of different avian species in the wholesale live bird markets(LBMs)in Guangzhou city,an investigation was carried out in all of the 6 wholesale LBMs of Guangzhou city in 2015. The province and city of source,batch, together with the quantity were investigated on the chicken, waterfowl(duck and goose)and rare birds(pigeon,quail and partridge)in those markets. Then the avian source analysis on the spatial distribution,temporal distribution and tempo-spatial distribution were conducted. The results showed that the chickens were the dominant avian species during live bird trade in Guangzhou city with a wide source, which included 122 prefecture-level cities of 16 provinces of China. The trade volume of waterfowls was huge and the waterfowls were derived from 4 provinces containing Guangdong,Guangxi,Hainan and Jiangsu. Between the two species,the trade volume of ducks was much larger than that of geese. At last,the trade volume of rare birds was relatively small with single resource,and the pigeon was the major species. Generally,the temporal distribution of the trades of different kinds of live birds was comparatively stable all over the year,except the first-quarter(February), no obvious change was found. In conclusion,the trade situation in the wholesale LBMs was learned in detail,which would lay solid foundation for conducting risk monitoring according to the market chain and adopting more targeted risk-based prevention and control measures.