生物质快速热解过程中会发生均裂等自由基反应从而生成不稳定的自由基中间体,供氢体的存在能够有效稳定这些自由基中间体,从而降低焦炭的生成,提高生物油产率及其品位,实现生物质的高效转化.概述了四氢萘、小分子醇类以及有机高分子聚合物等供氢剂作用下生物质快速热解特性、产物分布与供氢机理;总结了各类供氢剂作用下生物质快速热解的共性及各自特点;最后提出了未来在供氢剂筛选以及供氢剂作用下生物质热解过程定向调控方面的建议.%During biomass fast pyrolysis process, the occurrence of free radical reactions generates a certain amount of free radical intermediates. Hydrogen free radicals from hydrogen donors will stabilize these intermediates to effectively regulate the distribution of char and high grade bio-oil to achieve value-added utilization of biomass. This paper summarizes the effects of hydrogen donors(1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene, linear alcohols, organic macromolecule polymer, etc. ) on the fast pyrolysis of biomass, and the hydrogen free radicals supply mechanisms from different hydrogen donors. Afterwards, the commonness and the characteristics of biomass pyrolysis with the addition of different hydrogen donors are concluded. Finally, perspective researches are proposed to extend the selection of hydrogen donors and optimize the regulation of pyrolytic products.
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