新型核酸分子荧光探针——分子信标的研究进展

摘要

Molecular beacon (MB) which is designed based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer is a novel oligonucleotide fluorescent probe with a hairpin structure. MB Can interact with the target nucleic acid sequence and identify it with the fluorescent signal. And MB is suitable for in vivo testing with high sensitivity and high selectivity. In this paper,the structure,design principles,thermodynamics,selectivity and dynamics of MB are reviewed,the non-typical MB such as LNA-MB,SQ-MB are introduced.%分子信标是基于荧光共振能量传递原理设计的一种发夹型寡聚核酸分子荧光探针,能够与待测核酸序列分子相互作用发生结构变化产生不同强度的荧光信号,具有高灵敏度、高选择性、适于活体检测等优点.对分子信标的结构、设计原理、热力学研究、选择性与动力学研究进行了综述,并对非典型分子信标( LNA-MB、SQ-MB)进行了介绍.