位阻型有机电致磷光材料的研究进展

摘要

重金属旋轨耦合作用使磷光有机发光二极管的内量子效率在理论上可达100%，突破了传统有机荧光二极管内量子效率为25%的限制，是目前最有潜力的第三代显示器。但是，磷光材料常因浓度猝灭、三线态湮灭、二聚体发光等因素影响器件性能。位阻型磷光材料能够抑制分子间的强相互作用，从而解决了上述问题。本文作者综述了近年来具有大体积空间位阻效应的铱(III)、铂(II)、锇(II)等有机小分子磷光材料的研究进展，讨论了其目前存在的问题和未来的发展趋势。%Phosphorescent organic light emitting diodes have 100% internal quantum efficiency (IQE)in theory,due to spin-orbit coupling caused by heavy metal,and they break the 25%IQE limit for traditional organic fluorescent diodes and are the most potential third displays. However,concentration quenching,triplet-triplet annihilation and excimer emission of phos-phorescent materials often affect the performance of the devices.These problems could be re-solved by using steric hindrance phosphorescent materials,because they can suppress the strong intermolecular interactions.This review focuses on the recent research progresses of small molecular organic phosphorescence materials of iridium (III),platinum (II),osmium (II)complexes with bulky and steric hindrance effects.Moreover,the current problems and development tendency of these small molecular organic phosphorescence materials are dis-cussed.