基于氟碳表面活性剂插层水滑石的聚酰亚胺纳米复合材料的制备与性能

摘要

Layered double hydroxide was modified with polyfluorinated surfactant via anion-exchange intercalation procedure. The nature of the interlayer anions, the morphology and the thermal stability of the fluorinated LDH( LDH-FS) were investigated by infrared spectrum, X-ray diffraction and thermogravimetry analysis. The interlayer space was expanded from 0. 76 nm to 2. 52 nm and the microenvironments with polyfluorinate phase were formed. LDH-FS based polyimide(PI) nanocomposites were prepared by the in situ polymerization and characterized. LDH-FS was well dispersed in the polyimide matrix. The gas barred, mechnical and dielectric properties of the LDH-FS / PI nanocomposites were synthetically effected by the exfoliated inorganic nanolayers and polyfluorocarbon chain.%以氟碳表面活性剂全氟辛基磺酸钾为插层剂,通过离子交换制备插层水滑石,并以其为填料,通过原位插层聚合方法,制备了水滑石/氟碳表面活性剂/聚酰亚胺纳米复合材料.用 X 射线衍射、红外光谱和热失重等方法分析插层水滑石结构.结果表明,全氟辛基磺酸钾插层水滑石后,水滑石的层间距由0.76 nm 增加到2.52 nm,在水滑石层间构建了氟碳链的微环境.这种氟化水滑石可剥离分散于聚酰亚胺基体中,改善了纳米复合材料的气体阻隔性能、介电性能和机械性能.这种影响不仅体现无机纳米片层的杂化效果,而且展示出氟碳链的特点.