微藻固定转化烟气CO2强化技术

摘要

全球气候变暖和能源危机是21世纪影响人类生存发展的重要问题。微藻由于具有利用太阳能、固定CO2并转化为油脂等产物的能力以及环境适应性强、光合效率高、繁殖快等优势，微藻固碳技术有望成为缓解温室效应和能源危机的有效方法之一，但是该技术目前仍存在去除烟气 CO2转化油脂效率低的问题。本文分析了微藻固碳过程中碳传递转化途径，介绍了强化微藻固定与转化烟气 CO2的技术研究，包括微藻固碳与转化油脂的生物强化、微藻固定 CO2的反应器强化、微藻固定与转化 CO2技术的耦合，重点讨论了强化微藻固碳与转化的生物技术和膜技术研究现状及存在问题。最后指出微藻固碳的生物技术、膜技术及其他多技术的耦合有望进一步提升烟气CO2的高效固定与转化，是强化微藻固定转化烟气CO2的重要研究方向。%Microalgae has the strong ability to convert CO2 into cellular lipid product , better environmental adaptability , higher photosynthetic efficiency and the higher reproduction rate. Therefore,carbon dioxide fixation by microalgae has become one of the effective solutions to greenhouse effect and energy crisis. The bottle neck of this technology lies in the low efficiency of CO2 fixation and conversion into cellular lipid product. This paper introduced the process of CO2 fixation and conversion into organic carbon components of microalgae cell. The progresses on intensified fixation and conversion of CO2 from flue gas,including the stimulated CO2 fixation and conversion into lipid,the intensified CO2 fixation by membrane technology in a photobioreactor and the coupling of various technologies. The application of biotechnology and the membrane technology in microalgae field were elaborated and discussed. This paper also discussed the integration of microalgae biotechnology,membrane technology and the coupling of other technologies,in order to investigate further improvement of the fixation and conversion of CO2 from flue gas by microalgae,showing its importance of research directions for the microalgal CO2 fixation and conversion from flue gas in the future.