The contents of potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium in the sample solution were determined by ICP-AES with nitric acid and perchloric acid wet digestion or nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide microwave digestion. Certified reference materials of Shrubs and tea leaves were determined by this method, the measured values were within the allowable error of the standard value, and the relative standard deviations were 0.45%-4.05%(n=8). The recoveries of potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium were 94.4%-107.6%, 92.6%-107.9%, 93.7%-105.4%, 92.9%-107.2%, respectively. The method is easy to operate, and it can meet the determination requirement of potassium, sodium, calcium and magnesium in plants with qualified precision and accuracy.%采用硝酸-高氯酸湿法消解或硝酸-双氧水微波消解植物样品,以电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法同时测定样品溶液中钾、钠、钙和镁含量.用该法测定灌木枝叶和茶叶标准样品,测定值均在标准值范围内,测定结果的相对标准偏差为0.45%~4.05%(n=8).钾、钠、钙、镁的加标回收率分别为94.4%~107.6%,92.6%~107.9%,93.7%~105.4%,92.9%~107.2%.该方法操作简便,测量精密度和准确度完全满足植物中钾、钠、钙和镁含量的测定要求.
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