根据试验要求设计了槽式可变频率可控波形超声波乳化仪，采用正交试验方法研究超声条件对乳化制备木质纤维素生物质柴油的稳定性的影响。乳化液配制条件：HLB=5、乳化剂用量3％、生物质油掺量20％、0#柴油80％、占生物油含量20％的甲醇作为助乳化剂、乳化温度为常温。取40mL乳化液，放在槽式可变频率可控波形超声乳化仪内，进行乳化。正交试验结果表明：在超声乳化生物质柴油效果及稳定性的影响因素中，影响最大的为超声处理时间、其次为超声功率、超声频率，最小为超声激励波形。超声作用的最佳操作条件是超声功率30w，处理时间8min，超声频率25kHz以及超声波形为方波脉冲，在此条件下制取的乳化油稳定性能最好，且燃烧特性良好，自然放置稳定时间可达2256h。%According to the request of the experiment, the variable frequency controlled waveform ultrasonic emulsification device was designed. Optimal operating parameters of ultrasonic generator were studied by orthogonal experiment. The preparation condi- tions of the emulsified hquid were- HLB = 5, dosage of emulsifiers 3 %, addition of bio-oil 20 %, 0# diesel 80 %, methanol used as auxiliary emulsifier, and emulsifying temperature at the room temperature, dO mL of emulsified liquid was added to the variable frequency controlled waveform ultrasonic emulsification device to emulsify. According to the results, treating time had the most significant influence on the stability, followed by power, frequency, and waveform. The optimal operating parameter was power of 30 W, frequency of 25 kHz, treating time of 8 min and waveform of square wave pulse. The emulsification stability under these conditions was the best and the setting time was 2 256 h.
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